Growth factors gene expression in the developing lung
Edward M. Mager
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAlexander Auais
Genentech, Inc., Immunology, Tissue Growth and Repair, South San Francisco, CA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorGiovanni Piedimonte
Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
Search for more papers by this authorEdward M. Mager
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAlexander Auais
Genentech, Inc., Immunology, Tissue Growth and Repair, South San Francisco, CA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorGiovanni Piedimonte
Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Aim: This is the first systematic study using quantitative real-time PCR to analyze and compare the expression profiles for critical members of the epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) families in developing rat lungs.
Methods: mRNA expression was quantified at embryonic (E) day 15, 17, 19, 21, and postnatal age 1 day, 2 weeks, 12 weeks.
Results: EGF and EGFR increased during gestation and development, then decreased in adulthood, whereas TGFα was highest at birth and remained unchanged afterwards. All TGFβ isoforms increased slightly during pregnancy, reached highest expression during development, and returned to neonatal levels in adulthood. TGFβRI and TGFβRII patterns were similar to TGFβ2 and TGFβ1 respectively, whereas TGFβRIII expression was lowest at the postnatal time points. VEGF164 and VEGF120 showed a steady increase up to 2 weeks and declined at 12 weeks, whereas highest VEGF188 expression occurred at 12 weeks. VEGF-A receptors expression paralleled the summation of all three isoforms, increasing steadily with age.
Conclusion: Expression of growth factors in the developing lung is characterized by highly regulated distinctive patterns that may be critical to understand the early origin and progression of pulmonary diseases in childhood as well as in adulthood. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed several differences compared to previously reported expression patterns defined with older methodologies.
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