Biomechanical analysis on platform switching: is there any biomechanical rationale?

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the biomechanical advantages of platform switching using three-dimensional (3D) finite element models.

Material and methods: 3D finite element models simulating an external hex implant (4 × 15 mm) and the surrounding bone were constructed. One model was the simulation of a 4 mm diameter abutment connection and the other was the simulation of a narrower 3.25 mm diameter abutment connection, assuming a platform-switching configuration.

Results: The stress level in the cervical bone area at the implant was greatly reduced when the narrow diameter abutment was connected compared with the regular-sized one.

Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it was suggested that the platform switching configuration has the biomechanical advantage of shifting the stress concentration area away from the cervical bone–implant interface. It also has the disadvantage of increasing stress in the abutment or abutment screw.