Associations of sleep with food cravings and loss-of-control eating in youth: An ecological momentary assessment study
Megan N. Parker
Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSarah LeMay-Russell
Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorNatasha A. Schvey
Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorRoss D. Crosby
Sanford Center for Biobehavioral Research, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorEliana Ramirez
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorNichole R. Kelly
Department of Counseling Psychology and Human Services, College of Education, Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
Search for more papers by this authorLisa M. Shank
Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Department of Medicine, Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, USU, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Metis Foundation, San Antonio, Texas, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMeghan E. Byrne
Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorScott G. Engel
Sanford Center for Biobehavioral Research, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorTaylor N. Swanson
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Metis Foundation, San Antonio, Texas, USA
Search for more papers by this authorKweku G. Djan
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorEsther A. Kwarteng
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorLoie M. Faulkner
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAnna Zenno
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSheila M. Brady
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSusan Z. Yanovski
Office of Obesity Research, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Marian Tanofsky-Kraff
Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Department of Medicine, Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, USU, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Correspondence
Marian Tanofsky-Kraff, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, MD, USA.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorJack A. Yanovski
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMegan N. Parker
Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSarah LeMay-Russell
Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorNatasha A. Schvey
Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorRoss D. Crosby
Sanford Center for Biobehavioral Research, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorEliana Ramirez
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorNichole R. Kelly
Department of Counseling Psychology and Human Services, College of Education, Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
Search for more papers by this authorLisa M. Shank
Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Department of Medicine, Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, USU, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Metis Foundation, San Antonio, Texas, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMeghan E. Byrne
Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorScott G. Engel
Sanford Center for Biobehavioral Research, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorTaylor N. Swanson
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Metis Foundation, San Antonio, Texas, USA
Search for more papers by this authorKweku G. Djan
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorEsther A. Kwarteng
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorLoie M. Faulkner
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAnna Zenno
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSheila M. Brady
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSusan Z. Yanovski
Office of Obesity Research, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Marian Tanofsky-Kraff
Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Department of Medicine, Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, USU, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Correspondence
Marian Tanofsky-Kraff, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, MD, USA.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorJack A. Yanovski
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMegan N. Parker and Sarah LeMay-Russell contributed equally to this work.
Funding information: Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Grant/Award Number: ZIA-HD00641
Summary
Background
Inconsistent sleep patterns may promote excess weight gain by increasing food cravings and loss-of-control (LOC)-eating; however, these relationships have not been elucidated in youth.
Objective
We tested whether sleep duration and timing were associated with food cravings and LOC-eating.
Method
For 14 days, youths wore actigraphy monitors to assess sleep and reported severity of food cravings and LOC-eating using ecological momentary assessment. Generalized linear mixed models tested the associations between weekly and nightly shifts in facets of sleep (i.e., duration, onset, midpoint, and waketime) and next-day food cravings and LOC-eating. Models were re-run adjusting for relevant covariates (e.g., age, sex, adiposity).
Results
Among 48 youths (12.88 ± 2.69 years, 68.8% female, 33.3% with overweight/obesity), neither weekly nor nightly facets of sleep were significantly associated with food cravings (ps = 0.08–0.93). Youths with shorter weekly sleep duration (est. ß = −0.31, p = 0.004), earlier weekly midpoints (est. ß = −0.47, p = 0.010) and later weekly waketimes (est. ß = 0.49, p = 0.010) reported greater LOC-eating severity; findings persisted in adjusted models.
Conclusions
In youth, weekly, but not nightly, shifts in multiple facets of sleep were associated with LOC-eating severity; associations were not significant for food cravings. Sleep should be assessed as a potentially modifiable target in paediatric LOC-eating and obesity prevention programs.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have no conflict to declare. The opinions and assertions expressed herein are those of the authors and are not to be construed as reflecting the views of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), or the U.S. Department of Defense.
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