How to recognize and manage challenging DRESS cases: Two case reports and a review of the literature
Corresponding Author
Tumay Ak
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
Correspondence
Tumay Ak, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul/Turkey.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorSukran Erdem
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorRana Berru Durmus
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorUgur Kimyon
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorBurhan Engin
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorIsil Bavunoglu
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Tumay Ak
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
Correspondence
Tumay Ak, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul/Turkey.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorSukran Erdem
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorRana Berru Durmus
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorUgur Kimyon
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorBurhan Engin
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorIsil Bavunoglu
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is an uncommon systemic adverse drug reaction. Furthermore, it is a unique syndrome encompassing various manifestations of fever, facial edema, eosinophilia, atypical lymphocytosis, and organ dysfunction. Since there are no large prospective studies concerning DRESS syndrome, current treatment modalities for DRESS have been mainly determined based on various case reports and expert opinions. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of therapy after the cessation of the culprit drug. Although most cases recover within a couple of months, some may persist and even progress despite 1 mg/kg/day of prednisolone or its equivalent. We herein present two cases of severe DRESS syndrome. Both cases presented with organ dysfunction and remained unresponsive to initial treatment with 1 mg/kg/day of intravenous methylprednisolone. Therefore, plasmapheresis or pulse steroid therapy (250 mg/day methylprednisolone for 3 days) was used. In the follow-up period, the patients' clinical conditions improved dramatically without recurrence. We aimed to share our experience in recognizing and managing severe DRESS cases in this manuscript. Furthermore, we reviewed the literature in comparison with the present cases. In conclusion, plasmapheresis or pulse steroid therapy (250 mg/day of methylprednisolone for 3 days) can be used to treat difficult DRESS cases where organ failure is about to happen.
CONFLICT OF INTERESTS
The other authors declare no competing interests.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.
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