Novel Morphological Findings of Human Sperm Removal by Leukocytes in In Vivo and In Vitro Conditions: Preliminary Study
Corresponding Author
Malgorzata Piasecka
Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
Both authors equally contributed to this study.Correspondence
Malgorzata Piasecka, Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Zolnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
E-mail: [email protected]
and
Maciej Kurpisz, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479 Poznan, Poland.
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMonika Fraczek
Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
Both authors equally contributed to this study.Search for more papers by this authorDariusz Gaczarzewicz
Department of Animal Reproduction, Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorKamil Gill
Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorAnna Szumala-Kakol
Unit of Microbiology, Hospital Medical College, Poznan, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorAnna Kazienko
Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorMaria Laszczynska
Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorStanislaw Lenart
Institute of Materials Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorLothar Beutin
Department of Biological Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Maciej Kurpisz
Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
Correspondence
Malgorzata Piasecka, Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Zolnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
E-mail: [email protected]
and
Maciej Kurpisz, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479 Poznan, Poland.
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Malgorzata Piasecka
Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
Both authors equally contributed to this study.Correspondence
Malgorzata Piasecka, Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Zolnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
E-mail: [email protected]
and
Maciej Kurpisz, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479 Poznan, Poland.
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMonika Fraczek
Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
Both authors equally contributed to this study.Search for more papers by this authorDariusz Gaczarzewicz
Department of Animal Reproduction, Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorKamil Gill
Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorAnna Szumala-Kakol
Unit of Microbiology, Hospital Medical College, Poznan, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorAnna Kazienko
Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorMaria Laszczynska
Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorStanislaw Lenart
Institute of Materials Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorLothar Beutin
Department of Biological Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Maciej Kurpisz
Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
Correspondence
Malgorzata Piasecka, Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Zolnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
E-mail: [email protected]
and
Maciej Kurpisz, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479 Poznan, Poland.
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Problem
Biological significance of increased number of leukocytes in ejaculate remains a subject of controversy. The aim of this research was to describe the morphological characteristics of the sperm elimination by leukocytes in in vivo and in vitro conditions using natural stimulator of the immune system—uropathogenic Escherichia coli, O75:HNT, isolated from semen.
Method of study
The study was performed on ejaculated spermatozoa from normozoospermic men with leukocytospermia (n = 10, in vivo experiment) or without leukocytospermia (n = 15, in vitro experiment). Morphological observations were performed using light and scanning electron microscopy.
Results
Sperm removal by active leukocytes mediated by traditional phagocytosis and generation of extracellular traps were observed in in vivo and in vitro experiments.
Conclusion
Our morphological data suggest that human germ cells activate leukocytes triggering both traditional phagocytosis and a novel trapping mechanism, followed by extensive sperm elimination.
References
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