Temporal Variation in Soluble Human Leukocyte Antigen-G (sHLA-G) and Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A (PAPP-A) in Pregnancies Complicated by Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and in Controls
Corresponding Author
Fausta Beneventi
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Correspondence
Fausta Beneventi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
E-mails: [email protected];
Search for more papers by this authorMargherita Simonetta
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorElena Locatelli
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorChiara Cavagnoli
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorCarla Badulli
Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunohematology and Transfusion Center, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorElisabetta Lovati
First Department of Medicine, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorGiulia Garbin
Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunohematology and Transfusion Center, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorEmilia Genini
Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorRiccardo Albertini
Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorCarmine Tinelli
Clinical Epidemiology and Biometric Unit, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorMiryam Martinetti
Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunohematology and Transfusion Center, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorArsenio Spinillo
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Fausta Beneventi
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Correspondence
Fausta Beneventi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
E-mails: [email protected];
Search for more papers by this authorMargherita Simonetta
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorElena Locatelli
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorChiara Cavagnoli
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorCarla Badulli
Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunohematology and Transfusion Center, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorElisabetta Lovati
First Department of Medicine, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorGiulia Garbin
Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunohematology and Transfusion Center, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorEmilia Genini
Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorRiccardo Albertini
Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorCarmine Tinelli
Clinical Epidemiology and Biometric Unit, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorMiryam Martinetti
Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunohematology and Transfusion Center, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorArsenio Spinillo
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Problem
To target gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by means of temporal variation in pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and soluble human leukocyte antigen-G (sHLA-G).
Method of study
Retrospective analysis of PAPP-A and sHLA-G blood levels in historical samples of 112 GDM and 112 controls, drawn at first trimester, and prospective study in 18 GDM and 105 controls collected in triplicate along the pregnancy. Six hundred and sixty-five samples were analyzed.
Results
Gestational diabetes mellitus had significantly lower first-trimester PAPP-A concentrations than controls (2343 ± 1519 versus 2996 ± 1955 mU/mL, in retrospective brunch and 2490.57 ± 1828.52 versus 3240.84 ± 1930.69 mU/L in prospective one, P < 0.001). First-trimester sHLA-G level was significantly lower in GDM than in controls (52.88 ± 59.69 versus 66.81 ± 50.14 ng/mL, P < 0.001) and increased during gestation in diabetic women showing an opposite trend with respect to the controls.
Conclusion
PAPP-A and sHLA-G are independent markers of GDM. Quantitative variations during pregnancy help to early unravel the onset of GDM.
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