This study examines the effect of the initial stress and a magnetic field on wave propagation in a dry long bone, modeled as an orthotropic hollow cylinder. The governing equations of motion are formulated in terms of displacements, capturing the anisotropic nature of the bone materials. A continuum mechanics approach with differential equations is utilized to compute phase velocity and vibration frequencies of harmonic wave propagation through the medium. Mathematica software is used for plotting the graphs. The current study discussed two cases: Case I is without rotation, and Case II is with rotation. Comparison analysis is also done for both cases. Graphical representations demonstrate the impact of initial stress, magnetic field, and surface span on wave behavior, emphasizing the sensitivity of phase velocity to these parameters. The findings contribute to theoretical knowledge of wave transmission in orthotropic bone structure, with possible implications in noninvasive diagnostics, including bone integrity and fracture healing rates. Moreover, the study provides the groundwork for future orthopedic research by shedding light on the dynamic behavior of long bones under mechanical and magnetic forces. The novelty of the study lies in its exploration of the combined effects of initial stress and a magnetic field on wave propagation in dry long bones, modeled as an orthotropic hollow cylinder.