Priority areas for outcomes improvement among older adults undergoing inpatient general surgery inclusive of geriatric-pertinent complications
Corresponding Author
Hadiza S. Kazaure
Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Correspondence
Hadiza S. Kazaure, Duke University Medical Center, 466G Seeley Mudd Building, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorKimberly S. Johnson
Durham VA Health Care System, Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Center for Palliative Care, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Contribution: Conceptualization, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorRonnie Rosenthal
Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
Contribution: Methodology, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorSandhya Lagoo-Deenadayalan
Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Durham VA Health Care System, Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Contribution: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Hadiza S. Kazaure
Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Correspondence
Hadiza S. Kazaure, Duke University Medical Center, 466G Seeley Mudd Building, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorKimberly S. Johnson
Durham VA Health Care System, Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Center for Palliative Care, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Contribution: Conceptualization, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorRonnie Rosenthal
Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
Contribution: Methodology, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorSandhya Lagoo-Deenadayalan
Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Durham VA Health Care System, Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Contribution: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Background
Comprehensive studies on priority areas for improving geriatric surgery outcomes, inclusive of geriatric-pertinent data, are limited.
Methods
The ACS NSQIP geriatric database (2014–2018) was used to abstract older adults (≥65 years) undergoing inpatient general surgery procedures. Thirty-day complication, functional decline, and mortality rates were analyzed, with a focus on two geriatric-pertinent complications: delirium and new/worsening pressure ulcers.
Results
There were 9062 patients; 41.9% were ≥75 years. Mean age was 73.9 years. The majority of patients were female (54.0%), White (77.7%), and had independent functional status before surgery (94.0%). Overall 30-day complication, functional decline, and mortality rates were 33.6%, 34.5%, and 3.5%, respectively; failure to the rescue rate was 9.7%. Including geriatric-pertinent complications increased the overall complication rate by 20.4%. Delirium emerged as the leading complication (11.9%), followed by bleeding (11.1%), and wound-related complications (10.1%); these three accounted for 53.7% of complications. Delirium and pressure ulcers were associated with a >50% rate of postoperative functional decline (52.0% and 71.4%, respectively); pressure ulcers were also notable for a 25.5% failure to the rescue rate. Both were also among complications most likely to occur following the 3 most common procedures (colorectal surgery, pancreatic resections, and exploratory laparotomy), which overall accounted for approximately 79.6% of complications, 73.4% of patients experiencing functional decline, and 82.3% of mortality.
Conclusions
Delirium is the leading complication among older adults undergoing inpatient surgery. Overall, a small number of complications and procedure groups account for most surgical morbidity and mortality among older adults and thus constitute priority areas for outcomes improvement.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT
The authors have no conflicts of interest.
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