Volume 9, Issue 4 2401251
Research Article

Nucleus-Spike 3D Hierarchical Superstructures via a Lecithin-Mediated Biomineralization Approach

Jiaxin Rui

Jiaxin Rui

Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023 P.R. China

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Tingting Wu

Tingting Wu

Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023 P.R. China

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Zhiwei Zhang

Zhiwei Zhang

Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023 P.R. China

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Wei Lu

Wei Lu

Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023 P.R. China

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Xuzhi Shi

Xuzhi Shi

Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023 P.R. China

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Ying Liu

Corresponding Author

Ying Liu

School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Electronic, Engineering Wenzhou University of Technology, Wenzhou, 325025 P. R. China

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

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Xiaolin Han

Xiaolin Han

Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023 P.R. China

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Meng Dang

Meng Dang

Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023 P.R. China

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Xiaodan Su

Corresponding Author

Xiaodan Su

Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023 P.R. China

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

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Zhaogang Teng

Corresponding Author

Zhaogang Teng

Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023 P.R. China

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

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First published: 07 October 2024

Abstract

3D hierarchical superstructures (3DHSs) are key products of nature's evolution and have raised wide interest. However, the preparation of 3DHSs composed of building blocks with different structures is rarely reported, and regulating their structural parameters is challenging. Herein, a simple lecithin-mediated biomineralization approach is reported for the first time to prepare gold 3DHSs composed of 0D nucleus and 1D protruding dendritic spikes. It is demonstrated that a hydrophobic complex by coordination of disulfiram (DSF) with a share of chloroauric acid is the key to forming the 3DHSs. Under the lecithin mediation, chloroauric acid is first reduced to form the 0D nucleus, followed by the spike growth through the reduction of the hydrophobic complex. The prepared 3DHSs possess well-defined morphology with a spike length of ≈95 nm. Notably, the hierarchical spike density is systematically manipulated from 38.9% to 74.3% by controlling DSF concentrations. Moreover, the spike diameter is regulated from 9.2 to 12.9 nm by selecting different lecithin concentrations to tune the biomineralization process. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations reveal that the spikes form “hot spots”. The dense spike structure endows the 3DHSs with sound performance in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Data Availability Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available in the supplementary material of this article.

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