Effects of treadmill training on microvascular remodeling in the rat after spinal cord injury
Roger W. P. Kissane PhD
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
Search for more papers by this authorOliver Wright MBChB
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
Search for more papers by this authorYazi D. Al'Joboori PhD
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
Search for more papers by this authorPaulina Marczak BSc
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
Search for more papers by this authorRonaldo M. Ichiyama PhD
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Stuart Egginton PhD
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
Correspondence to: S. Egginton; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorRoger W. P. Kissane PhD
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
Search for more papers by this authorOliver Wright MBChB
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
Search for more papers by this authorYazi D. Al'Joboori PhD
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
Search for more papers by this authorPaulina Marczak BSc
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
Search for more papers by this authorRonaldo M. Ichiyama PhD
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Stuart Egginton PhD
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
Correspondence to: S. Egginton; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorFunding: University of Leeds School of Biomedical Sciences scholarship (to R.W.P.K); International Spinal Research Trust (NRB107; to Y.D.A and R.M.I.); and Medical Research Council (MR/K022911/1; to R.M.I.).
Conflicts of Interest: None of the authors have any conflicts of interest to disclose.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The morphological characteristics of skeletal muscles innervated caudal to a spinal cord injury (SCI) undergo dramatic phenotypic and microvascular changes.
Method: Female Sprague–Dawley rats received a severe contusion at thoracic level 9/10 and were randomly assigned to locomotor training, epidural stimulation, or a combination of the treatment groups (CB). Fiber type composition and capillary distribution were assessed in phenotypically distinct compartments of the tibialis anterior.
Results: Spinal cord injury induced a shift in type II fiber phenotype from oxidative to glycolytic (P < 0.05) as well as capillary loss within the oxidative core and glycolytic cortex; the CB treatment best maintained capillary supply within both compartments.
Discussion: The angiogenic response of CB training improved capillary distribution across the muscle; capillary distribution became spatially more homogeneous and mean capillary supply area decreased, potentially improving oxygenation. There is an important role for weight-bearing training in maintaining the oxidative phenotype of muscle after SCI. Muscle Nerve 59:370–379, 2019
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| mus26379-sup-0001-FigureS1.tifTIFF image, 20.2 MB | Supplementary Figure 1. Transverse cross-section of the TA illustrating location of the sampling regions used for histological analysis. The heterogeneous fibre type and capillary supply allows for regional analysis of two metabolically distinct areas where regions 1-3 are contained within a glycolytic cortex, and 4-5 are in a highly oxidative core. Heterogeneity of fibre composition is illustrated by representative immunohistological images. CSA, fibre cross sectional area. Fibre type: red; Type I, green; Type IIa, unstained; Type IIb. |
| mus26379-sup-0002-TableS1.docxWord 2007 document , 14.2 KB | Supplementary Table 1. Experimental animal numbers. |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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