Neuroprotective effects of an immunosuppressant agent on diffusion/perfusion mismatch in transient focal ischemia
Corresponding Author
Toshihiko Ebisu
Department of Neurosurgery, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Department of Neurosurgery, Nantan General Hospital, Yagi-cho, Funai-gun, Kyoto 629-0197, Japan===Search for more papers by this authorYuuki Mori
Department of Neurosurgery, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorKiyotaka Katsuta
Medicinal Biology Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kashima, Osaka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorAkihiko Fujikawa
Advanced Technology Platform Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorNobuya Matsuoka
Medicinal Biology Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kashima, Osaka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorIchio Aoki
Department of Medical Informatics, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorMasahiro Umeda
Department of Medical Informatics, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorShoji Naruse
Department of Radiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorChuzo Tanaka
Department of Neurosurgery, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Department of Medical Informatics, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Toshihiko Ebisu
Department of Neurosurgery, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Department of Neurosurgery, Nantan General Hospital, Yagi-cho, Funai-gun, Kyoto 629-0197, Japan===Search for more papers by this authorYuuki Mori
Department of Neurosurgery, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorKiyotaka Katsuta
Medicinal Biology Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kashima, Osaka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorAkihiko Fujikawa
Advanced Technology Platform Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorNobuya Matsuoka
Medicinal Biology Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kashima, Osaka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorIchio Aoki
Department of Medical Informatics, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorMasahiro Umeda
Department of Medical Informatics, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorShoji Naruse
Department of Radiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorChuzo Tanaka
Department of Neurosurgery, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Department of Medical Informatics, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The immunosuppressant FK506 (tacrolimus) exerts potent neuroprotection following focal ischemia in animals; however, the separate effects of FK506 on the ischemic core and penumbra have not been reported. The ischemic penumbra is clinically defined as the difference between a large abnormal area on perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) and a smaller lesion on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). The goal of this study was to determine the effect of FK506 on DWI/PWI match and mismatch areas in transient focal ischemia in rats. Twelve rats were subjected to 1 hr of transient middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion, and given an intravenous injection of a placebo (N = 6) or 1 mg/kg FK506 (N = 6) immediately before reperfusion. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed during MCA occlusion, and 0.5, 1, and 24 hr after reperfusion. FK506 significantly protected the ischemic brain only in the mismatch cortex where the initial apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was normal and there was a mild reduction of cerebral blood flow (CBF). This is the first report to describe the protective effects of FK506 on ischemic penumbra, as measured by DWI/PWI mismatch. The findings provide direct evidence for the utility of DWI/PWI mismatch as a guideline for therapeutic intervention with FK506. Magn Reson Med 51:1173–1180, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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