Original Research Report
Substitutional limit of gadolinium in β-tricalcium phosphate and its magnetic resonance imaging characteristics
Rugmani Meenambal,
Pavan Poojar,
Sairam Geethanath,
S. Kannan,
Rugmani Meenambal
Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605 014 India
Search for more papers by this authorPavan Poojar
Medical Imaging Research Centre, Dayananda Sagar Institutions, Bangalore, India
Search for more papers by this authorSairam Geethanath
Medical Imaging Research Centre, Dayananda Sagar Institutions, Bangalore, India
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
S. Kannan
Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605 014 India
Correspondence to: S. Kannan; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorRugmani Meenambal,
Pavan Poojar,
Sairam Geethanath,
S. Kannan,
Rugmani Meenambal
Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605 014 India
Search for more papers by this authorPavan Poojar
Medical Imaging Research Centre, Dayananda Sagar Institutions, Bangalore, India
Search for more papers by this authorSairam Geethanath
Medical Imaging Research Centre, Dayananda Sagar Institutions, Bangalore, India
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
S. Kannan
Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605 014 India
Correspondence to: S. Kannan; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
To compensate the limitations of bone tissue magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a series of gadolinium (Gd3+) substituted β-Tricalcium phosphate [β-TCP, β-Ca3(PO4)2] were developed. All the powders were characterized using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, Rietveld refinement of the XRD data and the studies confirmed the Gd3+ occupancy at Ca2+(1), Ca2+(2) and Ca2+(3) lattice sites of β-Ca3(PO4)2. HR-TEM analysis revealed the spherical nature of particles with diameter about 100 nm. The Gd3+ doped β-Ca3(PO4)2 exhibited non-toxic behaviour to MG-63 cells in vitro and the room temperature magnetic field versus magnetization measurements confirmed its paramagnetic behaviour. MRI analysis revelas that it shorten both T1 and T2 proton relaxation times, thus influencing both r1 and r2 relaxivity values that reach 61.97 mM−1s−1 and 73.35 mM−1s−1. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2545–2552, 2017.
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