High constant incidence rates of second primary cancers of the head and neck: A pooled analysis of 13 cancer registries
Corresponding Author
Cristina Bosetti
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri,” Milan, Italy
Tel.: +39-0239014526, Fax: +39-0233200231
Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri,” Via Giuseppe La Masa 19 - 20156 Milan, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorGhislaine Scelo
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
Search for more papers by this authorShu-Chun Chuang
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
Search for more papers by this authorJon M. Tonita
Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorSharon Tamaro
British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorJon G. Jonasson
Icelandic Cancer Registry, Icelandic Cancer Society, Reykjavik, Iceland
Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
Search for more papers by this authorErich V. Kliewer
British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Epidemiology and Cancer Registry, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorKari Hemminki
Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
Center for Family and Community Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorElisabete Weiderpass
The Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromso, Tromso, Norway
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Samfundet Folkhalsan, Helsinki, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorEero Pukkala
Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiology Cancer Research, Helsinki, Finland
School of Public Health, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorElizabeth Tracey
New South Wales Cancer Registry, Eveleigh, New South Wales, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorJorgen H. Olsen
Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for more papers by this authorVera Pompe-Kirn
Cancer Registry of Slovenia, Institute of Oncology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Search for more papers by this authorDavid H. Brewster
Scottish Cancer Registry, Information Services, NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
Search for more papers by this authorCarmen Martos
Cancer Registry of Zaragoza, Health Department of Aragon Government, Zaragoza, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorKee-Seng Chia
Center for Molecular Epidemiology, Singapore
Singapore Cancer Registry, Singapore
Search for more papers by this authorPaul Brennan
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
Search for more papers by this authorMia Hashibe
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
Search for more papers by this authorFabio Levi
Unité d'épidémiologie du cancer et Registres vaudois et neuchâtelois des tumeurs, Institut de médecine sociale et préventive (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois et Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
Search for more papers by this authorCarlo La Vecchia
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri,” Milan, Italy
Dipartimento di Medicina del Lavoro, Sezione di Statistica Medica e Biometria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorPaolo Boffetta
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Cristina Bosetti
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri,” Milan, Italy
Tel.: +39-0239014526, Fax: +39-0233200231
Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri,” Via Giuseppe La Masa 19 - 20156 Milan, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorGhislaine Scelo
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
Search for more papers by this authorShu-Chun Chuang
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
Search for more papers by this authorJon M. Tonita
Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorSharon Tamaro
British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorJon G. Jonasson
Icelandic Cancer Registry, Icelandic Cancer Society, Reykjavik, Iceland
Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
Search for more papers by this authorErich V. Kliewer
British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Epidemiology and Cancer Registry, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorKari Hemminki
Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
Center for Family and Community Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorElisabete Weiderpass
The Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromso, Tromso, Norway
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Samfundet Folkhalsan, Helsinki, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorEero Pukkala
Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiology Cancer Research, Helsinki, Finland
School of Public Health, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorElizabeth Tracey
New South Wales Cancer Registry, Eveleigh, New South Wales, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorJorgen H. Olsen
Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for more papers by this authorVera Pompe-Kirn
Cancer Registry of Slovenia, Institute of Oncology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Search for more papers by this authorDavid H. Brewster
Scottish Cancer Registry, Information Services, NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
Search for more papers by this authorCarmen Martos
Cancer Registry of Zaragoza, Health Department of Aragon Government, Zaragoza, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorKee-Seng Chia
Center for Molecular Epidemiology, Singapore
Singapore Cancer Registry, Singapore
Search for more papers by this authorPaul Brennan
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
Search for more papers by this authorMia Hashibe
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
Search for more papers by this authorFabio Levi
Unité d'épidémiologie du cancer et Registres vaudois et neuchâtelois des tumeurs, Institut de médecine sociale et préventive (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois et Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
Search for more papers by this authorCarlo La Vecchia
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri,” Milan, Italy
Dipartimento di Medicina del Lavoro, Sezione di Statistica Medica e Biometria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorPaolo Boffetta
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Scanty data are available on the incidence (i.e., the absolute risk) of second cancers of the head and neck (HN) and its pattern with age. We investigated this issue using data from a multicentric study of 13 population-based cancer registries from Europe, Canada, Australia and Singapore for the years 1943–2000. A total of 99,257 patients had a first primary HN cancer (15,985 tongue, 22,378 mouth, 20,758 pharyngeal, and 40,190 laryngeal cancer), contributing to 489,855 person-years of follow-up. A total of 1,294 of the patients (1.3%) were diagnosed with second HN cancers (342 tongue, 345 mouth, 418 pharynx and 189 larynx). Male incidence rates of first HN cancer steeply increased from 0.68/100,000 at age 30–34 to 46.2/100,000 at age 70–74, and leveled off at older age; female incidence increased from 0.50/100,000 at age 30–34 to 16.5/100,000 at age 80–84. However, age-specific incidence of second HN cancers after a first HN cancer in men was around 200–300/100,000 between age 40–44 and age 70–74 and tended to decline at subsequent ages (150/100,000 at age 80–84); in women, incidence of second HN cancers was around 200–300/100,000 between age 45–49 and 80–84. The patterns of age-specific incidence were consistent for different subsites of second HN cancer and sexes; moreover, they were similar for age-specific incidence of first primary HN cancer in patients who subsequently developed a second HN cancer. The incidence of second HN cancers does not increase with age, but remains constant, or if anything, decreases with advancing age.
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