Noncovalent Cross-Linked Network-Reinforced High-Toughness Polyvinyl Alcohol/Hyperbranched Polyester Films Obtained Through Solution Blending
Yaomin Wang
Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
Contribution: Formal analysis (equal), Writing - original draft (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorKaijuan Zou
Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
Contribution: Formal analysis (supporting), Investigation (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorJun Wang
Shanxi Kunming Tobacco co. Ltd, Taiyuan, China
Contribution: Investigation (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorJun Kang
Shanxi Kunming Tobacco co. Ltd, Taiyuan, China
Contribution: Methodology (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorWenxia Yu
Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
Contribution: Formal analysis (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Huafeng Tian
Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
Correspondence:
Huafeng Tian ([email protected])
Yujuan Jin ([email protected])
Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorYuge Ouyang
Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
Contribution: Methodology (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Yujuan Jin
Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
Correspondence:
Huafeng Tian ([email protected])
Yujuan Jin ([email protected])
Contribution: Resources (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorRajesh Kumar
Department of Environmental Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, India
Contribution: Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorXiaogang Luo
Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
Contribution: Funding acquisition (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorYaomin Wang
Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
Contribution: Formal analysis (equal), Writing - original draft (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorKaijuan Zou
Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
Contribution: Formal analysis (supporting), Investigation (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorJun Wang
Shanxi Kunming Tobacco co. Ltd, Taiyuan, China
Contribution: Investigation (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorJun Kang
Shanxi Kunming Tobacco co. Ltd, Taiyuan, China
Contribution: Methodology (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorWenxia Yu
Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
Contribution: Formal analysis (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Huafeng Tian
Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
Correspondence:
Huafeng Tian ([email protected])
Yujuan Jin ([email protected])
Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorYuge Ouyang
Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
Contribution: Methodology (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Yujuan Jin
Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
Correspondence:
Huafeng Tian ([email protected])
Yujuan Jin ([email protected])
Contribution: Resources (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorRajesh Kumar
Department of Environmental Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, India
Contribution: Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorXiaogang Luo
Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
Contribution: Funding acquisition (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorFunding: This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China, 2022YFF1101500, Engineering Research Center of phosphorus resources development and utilization of Ministry of Education, LKF202203.
ABSTRACT
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) exhibits good water solubility, biocompatibility, and gas barrier properties. It is an important renewable and biodegradable polymeric material and is widely used in drug delivery, food packaging, tissue engineering, etc. However, its application is limited by insufficient mechanical performance. Hyperbranched polymers are a class of highly branched, structured macromolecular polymers with multiple branching sites and rich end functional groups. In this work, blend films were prepared by mixing PVA with water-soluble hyperbranched polyester (HBPE) using the solution casting method. The results showed that the hydroxyl groups of HBPE could form a hydrogen-bond-based cross-linking network with the hydroxyl groups of PVA. This, in turn, will effectively improve the mechanical properties, water absorption, thermal stability, etc. of the blend film. When the mass ratio of HBPE to PVA is 1:4, the elongation at break of the blend film was 404.23% with a tensile strength of 39.97 MPa. The prepared PVA/HBPE blend material is expected to be more widely applied in fields such as tissue engineering, packaging materials, etc.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Open Research
Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| app56570-sup-0001-Supinfo.docxWord 2007 document , 1.2 MB |
Data S1. |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
References
- 1R. Geyer, J. R. Jambeck, and K. L. Law, “Production, Use, and Fate of all Plastics Ever Made,” Science Advances 3 (2017): 7, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700782.
- 2J. Wang, M. Euring, K. Ostendorf, and K. Zhang, “Biobased Materials for Food Packaging,” Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 7, no. 1 (2022): 1–13, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobab.2021.11.004.
- 3D. Xie, Z. Liu, Y. Cao, S. Yang, C. Su, and M. Li, “Improving Antioxidant Activities of Water-Soluble Lignin-Carbohydrate Complex Isolated From Wheat Stalk Through Prolonging Ball-Milling Pretreatment and Homogeneous Extraction,” Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 9, no. 1 (2024): 113–125, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobab.2023.11.002.
- 4K. Halake, M. Birajdar, B. S. Kim, et al., “Recent Application Developments of Water-Soluble Synthetic Polymers,” Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 20, no. 6 (2014): 3913–3918, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2014.01.006.
- 5Z. W. Abdullah, Y. Dong, I. J. Davies, and S. Barbhuiya, “PVA Blends, and Their Nanocomposites for Biodegradable Packaging Application,” Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering 56, no. 12 (2017): 1307–1344, https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2016.1275684.
- 6B. Liu, J. Zhang, and H. Guo, “Research Progress of Polyvinyl Alcohol Water-Resistant Film Materials,” Membranes 12 (2022): 3, https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12030347.
10.3390/membranes12030347 Google Scholar
- 7M. S. Sarwar, M. B. K. Niazi, Z. Jahan, T. Ahmad, and A. Hussain, “Preparation and Characterization of PVA / Nanocellulose / ag Nanocomposite Films for Antimicrobial Food Packaging,” Carbohydrate Polymers 184 (2018): 453–464, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.068.
- 8V. A. Pereira, I. N. Q. de Arruda, and R. Stefani, “Active Chitosan / PVA Films With Anthocyanins From Brassica Oleraceae (Red Cabbage) as Time-Temperature Indicators for Application in Intelligent Food Packaging,” Food Hydrocolloids 43 (2015): 180–188, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.05.014.
- 9D. Li, E. Kou, W. Li, et al., “Oxidation-Induced Quenching Mechanism of Ultrabright Red Carbon Dots and Application in Antioxidant RCDs / PVA Film,” Chemical Engineering Journal 425 (2021): 131653, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.131653.
- 10W. Lan, Y. Chen, Z. Yang, et al., “Ultraflexible Transparent Film Heater Made of ag Nanowire / PVA Composite for Rapid-Response Thermotherapy Pads,” ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 9, no. 7 (2017): 6644–6651, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b16853.
- 11Y. Si, A. Cossu, N. Nitin, et al., “Mechanically Robust and Transparent N-Halamine Grafted PVA-Co-PE Films With Renewable Antimicrobial Activity,” Macromolecular Bioscience 17 (2017): 3, https://doi.org/10.1002/mabi.201600304.
10.1002/mabi.201600304 Google Scholar
- 12J. Babu and Z. V. P. Murthy, “Treatment of Textile Dyes Containing Wastewaters With PES / PVA Thin Film Composite Nanofiltration Membranes,” Separation and Purification Technology 183 (2017): 66–72, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2017.04.002.
- 13T. Gao, Z. Yang, C. Chen, et al., “Three-Dimensional Printed Thermal Regulation Textiles,” ACS Nano 11, no. 11 (2017): 11513–11520, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.7b06295.
- 14S. Sonjan, G. M. Ross, S. Mahasaranon, B. Sinkangam, S. Intanon, and S. Ross, “Biodegradable Hydrophilic Film of Crosslinked PVA/Silk Sericin for Seed Coating: The Effect of Crosslinker Loading and Polymer Concentration,” Journal of Polymers and the Environment 29, no. 1 (2021): 323–334, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-020-01867-9.
- 15N. R. Gohari, S. Modiri, H. Yari, M. Saffari, and A. Baghizadeh, “The Application of Hydrophilic Polyvinyl Alcohol Coatings Filled With Different Loadings of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles to Mitigate Salinity Stress of the Wheat Seeds,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science 140 (2023): e53742, https://doi.org/10.1002/app.53742.
- 16M. Harnois, M. Himdi, W. Y. Yong, S. Rahim, K. Tekkouk, and N. Cheval, “An Improved Fabrication Technique for the 3-D Frequency Selective Surface Based on Water Transfer Printing Technology,” Scientific Reports 10, no. 1 (2020): 1714, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58657-5.
- 17H. Wang, J. Wang, D. Chen, et al., “Robust Tattoo Electrode Prepared by Paper-Assisted Water Transfer Printing for Wearable Health Monitoring,” IEEE Sensors Journal 22, no. 5 (2022): 3817–3827, https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2022.3141457.
- 18W. Wu, H. Liu, Z. Wang, et al., “Formation of Thermal Conductive Network in Boron Nitride / Polyvinyl Alcohol by Ice-Templated Self-Assembly,” Ceramics International 47, no. 23 (2021): 33926–33929, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.08.266.
- 19X. Wang, S. Ji, X. Wang, et al., “Thermally Conductive, Super Flexible and Flame-Retardant BN-OH / PVA Composite Film Reinforced by Lignin Nanoparticles,” Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, no. 45 (2019): 14159–14169, https://doi.org/10.1039/c9tc04961d.
- 20R. Huang, Y. Zhang, A. Xiang, et al., “Crystallization Behavior of Polyvinyl Alcohol With Inorganic Nucleating Agent Talc and Regulation Mechanism Analysis,” Journal of Polymers and the Environment 30, no. 8 (2022): 3163–3173, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-022-02408-2.
- 21H. Aloui, K. Baraket, R. Sendon, A. S. Silva, and K. Khwaldia, “Development and Characterization of Novel Composite Glycerol-Plasticized Films Based on Sodium Caseinate and Lipid Fraction of Tomato Pomace By-Product,” International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 139 (2019): 128–138, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.156.
- 22E. Chevalier, G. Assezat, F. Prochazka, and N. Oulahal, “Development and Characterization of a Novel Edible Extruded Sheet Based on Different Casein Sources and Influence of the Glycerol Concentration,” Food Hydrocolloids 75 (2018): 182–191, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.08.028.
- 23Y. Sun, Z. Liu, L. Zhang, X. Wang, and L. Li, “Effects of Plasticizer Type and Concentration on Rheological, Physico-Mechanical and Structural Properties of Chitosan/Zein Film,” International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 143 (2020): 334–340, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.035.
- 24K. Huntrakul and N. Harnkarnsujarit, “Effects of Plasticizers on Water Sorption and Aging Stability of Whey Protein / Carboxy Methyl Cellulose Films,” Journal of Food Engineering 272 (2020): 109809, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.109809.
- 25L. Cao, W. Liu, and L. Wang, “Developing a Green and Edible Film From Cassia Gum: The Effects of Glycerol and Sorbitol,” Journal of Cleaner Production 175 (2018): 276–282, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.12.064.
- 26H. Tian, Y. Di Liu, S. Yao, X. Ma, and A. X. Zhang, “Effect of Sorbitol Plasticizer on the Structure and Properties of Melt Processed Polyvinyl Alcohol Films,” Journal of Food Science 82, no. 12 (2017): 2926–2932, https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.13950.
- 27N. Mehra, L. Mu, and J. Zhu, “Developing Heat Conduction Pathways Through Short Polymer Chains in a Hydrogen Bonded Polymer System,” Composites Science and Technology 148 (2017): 97–105, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.05.017.
- 28Y. Guan, W. Li, Y. Zhang, et al., “Aramid Nanofibers and Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Nanocomposites for Ideal Combination of Strength and Toughness via Hydrogen Bonding Interactions,” Composites Science and Technology 144 (2017): 193–201, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.03.010.
- 29B. U. Durmaz and A. Aytac, “Effects of Polyol-Based Plasticizer Types and Concentration on the Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol and Casein Blend Films,” Journal of Polymers and the Environment 29, no. 1 (2021): 313–322, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-020-01881-x.
10.1007/s10924-020-01881-x Google Scholar
- 30B. Mu, T. Liu, and W. Tian, “Long-Chain Hyperbranched Polymers: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications,” Macromolecular Rapid Communications 40 (2019): 17, https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.201800471.
10.1002/marc.201800471 Google Scholar
- 31A. Zegaoui, M. Derradji, R. Ma, et al., “Simultaneous Toughening and Reinforcing of Cyanate Ester/Benzoxazine Resins With Improved Mechanical and Thermal Properties by Using Hyperbranched Polyesters,” Journal of Polymer Engineering 38, no. 9 (2018): 839–848, https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2017-0376.
- 32W. Gu, X. Liu, F. Li, et al., “Tough, Strong, and Biodegradable Composite Film With Excellent UV Barrier Performance Comprising Soy Protein Isolate, Hyperbranched Polyester, and Cardanol Derivative,” Green Chemistry 21, no. 13 (2019): 3651–3665, https://doi.org/10.1039/c9gc01081e.
- 33W. Gu, X. Liu, Q. Gao, S. Gong, J. Li, and S. Q. Shi, “Multiple Hydrogen Bonding Enables Strong, Tough, and Recyclable Soy Protein Films,” ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 8, no. 20 (2020): 7680–7689, https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c01333.
- 34S. C. Jiang, Y. Q. Wei, L. Tao, et al., “Microwave Induced Construction of Multiple Networks for Multifunctional Soy Protein-Based Materials,” Progress in Organic Coatings 158 (2021): 106390, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2021.106390.
- 35Z. Chang, Y. Shen, J. Xue, Y. Sun, and S. Zhang, “Fabrication of Spider Silk-Inspired Bio-Based Polymeric Materials Under Dynamic Nanoconfinement as High-Strong, Ultra-Tough, and Multifunctional Plastic Substitutes,” Chemical Engineering Journal 457 (2023): 140984, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.140984.
- 36M. Guo, Y. Jin, X. Han, J. Sun, J. Yuan, and H. Tian, “Biodegradable Poly (Butylene Adipate-Co-Terephthalate) and Thermoplastic Starch Sustainable Blends Modified by Epoxy-Terminated Hyperbranched Polyester With Excellent Mechanical Properties and High Transparency,” Starch-Starke 75 (2023): 3–4, https://doi.org/10.1002/star.202200169.
10.1002/star.202200169 Google Scholar
- 37M. Guzmán and E. A. Murillo, “Structural, Thermal, Rheological, Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Starch Obtained by Using Hyperbranched Polyester Polyol as Plasticizing Agent,” Dyna 85 (2018): 178–186, https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v85n206.71819.
10.15446/dyna.v85n206.71819 Google Scholar
- 38K. Zhang, K. Zhang, F. Cheng, Y. Lin, M. Zhou, and P. Zhu, “Aging Properties and Hydrophilicity of Maize Starch Plasticized by Hyperbranched Poly (Citrate Glyceride),” Journal of Applied Polymer Science 136 (2019): 46899, https://doi.org/10.1002/app.46899.
- 39J. Sun, Y. Jin, B. Wang, et al., “High-Toughening Modification of Polylactic Acid by Long-Chain Hyperbranched Polymers,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science 138 (2021): 51295, https://doi.org/10.1002/app.51295.
- 40R. Tie, Y. Huang, Y. Jin, et al., “Toughening Modification of Polylactic Acid by Long-Chain Hyperbranched Polymers Containing Polycaprolactone End Groups,” Journal of Polymers and the Environment 30, no. 12 (2022): 5327–5338, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-022-02589-w.
- 41Q. Peng, J. Cheng, S. Lu, and Y. Li, “Electrospun Hyperbranched Polylactic Acid-Modified Cellulose Nanocrystals / Polylactic Acid for Shape Memory Membranes With High Mechanical Properties,” Polymers for Advanced Technologies 31, no. 1 (2020): 15–24, https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.4743.
- 42H. Tian, J. Yan, A. V. Rajulu, A. Xiang, and X. Luo, “Fabrication and Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol / Starch Blend Films: Effect of Composition and Humidity,” International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 96 (2017): 518–523, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.12.067.
- 43N. Zhang, J. Zhang, H. Yan, X. Guo, Q. Sun, and R. Guo, “A Novel Organic-Inorganic Hybrid K-HBPE@APP Performing Excellent Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression for Polypropylene,” Journal of Hazardous Materials 373 (2019): 856–865, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.04.016.
- 44X. Yu, C. Li, H. Tian, et al., “Hydrophobic Cross-Linked Zein-Based Nanofibers With Efficient Air Filtration and Improved Moisture Stability,” Chemical Engineering Journal 396 (2020): 125373, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.125373.
- 45C. Lv, D. Liu, H. Tian, and A. Xiang, “Non-isothermal Crystallization Kinetics of Polyvinyl Alcohol Plasticized With Glycerol and Pentaerythritol,” Journal of Polymer Research 27 (2020): 3, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-020-2038-4.
10.1007/s10965-020-2038-4 Google Scholar
- 46Z. A. Alhulaybi and I. Dubdub, “Kinetics Study of PVA Polymer by Model-Free and Model-Fitting Methods Using TGA,” Polymers 16 (2024): 5, https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16050629.
10.3390/polym16050629 Google Scholar
- 47Y. L. Zhang, J. Shao, T. Feng, Z. Y. Yin, and G. Q. Zhang, “Study on Research Status and Mechanism of Stress Whitening of Plastics,” Guangzhou Chemical Industry 41, no. 12 (2013): 12–13.
- 48A. Dasari and R. Misra, “The Role of Micrometric Wollastonite Particles on Stress Whitening Behavior of Polypropylene Composites,” Acta Materialia 52, no. 6 (2004): 1683–1697, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2003.12.013.
- 49J. H. Cai, M. L. Huang, X.-D. Chen, and M. Wang, “Controllable Construction of Cross-Linking Network for Regulating on the Mechanical Properties of Polydimethylsiloxane and Polydimethylsiloxane/Carbon Nanotubes Composites,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science 139 (2022): 52113, https://doi.org/10.1002/app.52113.
- 50F. Campise, D. C. Agudelo, R. H. Acosta, et al., “Contribution of Entanglements to Polymer Network Elasticity,” Macromolecules 50, no. 7 (2017): 2964–2972, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02784.
- 51C. X. Zhang, M. Y. Liu, Y. Ceng, S. L. Zhang, and W. X. Yao, “Research on Preparation and Long-Acting Water Absorption Properties of Wood Flour/HDPE Modified Composites,” Journal of Functional Materials 46, no. 11 (2015): 11118–11121.
