Molecularly generated light and its biomedical applications
Corresponding Author
Chongzhao Ran
Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129 USA
Search for more papers by this authorKanyi Pu
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 637459 Singapore, Singapore
Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 308232 Singapore, Singapore
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Chongzhao Ran
Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129 USA
Search for more papers by this authorKanyi Pu
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 637459 Singapore, Singapore
Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 308232 Singapore, Singapore
Search for more papers by this authorGraphical Abstract
Abstract
Molecularly generated light, referred to here as “molecular light”, mainly includes bioluminescence, chemiluminescence, and Cerenkov luminescence. Molecular light possesses unique dual features of being both a molecule and a source of light. Its molecular nature enables it to be delivered as molecules to regions deep within the body, overcoming the limitations of natural sunlight and physically generated light sources like lasers and LEDs. Simultaneously, its light properties make it valuable for applications such as imaging, photodynamic therapy, photo-oxidative therapy, and photobiomodulation. In this review article, we provide an updated overview of the diverse applications of molecular light and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of molecular light across various domains. Lastly, we present forward-looking perspectives on the potential of molecular light in the realms of molecular imaging, photobiological mechanisms, therapeutic applications, and photobiomodulation. While some of these perspectives may be considered bold and contentious, our intent is to inspire further innovations in the field of molecular light applications.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Open Research
Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
References
- 1
- 1aK. C. Moore, Photomed. Laser Surg. 2013, 31, 563–564;
- 1bA. Liebert, B. Bicknell, D. M. Johnstone, L. C. Gordon, H. Kiat, M. R. Hamblin, Photobiomodul. Photomed. Laser Surg. 2019, 37, 681–693.
- 2G. Hong, A. Antaris, H. Dai, Nat. Biomed. Eng. 2017, 1, 0010.
- 3
- 3aY. Zhang, Y. Hao, S. Chen, M. Xu, Front. Chem. 2020, 8, 770;
- 3bC. Ran, Z. Zhang, J. Hooker, A. Moore, Mol. Imaging Biol. 2012, 14, 156–162.
- 4
- 4aM. K. So, C. Xu, A. M. Loening, S. S. Gambhir, J. Rao, Nat. Biotechnol. 2006, 24, 339–343;
- 4bE. H. Kim, S. Park, Y. K. Kim, M. Moon, J. Park, K. J. Lee, S. Lee, Y. P. Kim, Sci. Adv. 2020, 6, eaba3009;
- 4cX. Xu, H. An, D. Zhang, H. Tao, Y. Dou, X. Li, J. Huang, J. Zhang, Sci. Adv. 2019, 5, eaat2953.
- 5Q. Miao, C. Xie, X. Zhen, Y. Lyu, H. Duan, X. Liu, J. V. Jokerst, K. Pu, Nat. Biotechnol. 2017, 35, 1102–1110.
- 6M. Kobayashi, D. Kikuchi, H. Okamura, PLoS One 2009, 4, e6256.
- 7
- 7aJ. A. Poveda, M. Prieto, J. A. Encinar, J. M. González-Ros, C. R. Mateo, Biochemistry 2003, 42, 7124–7132;
- 7bT. S. Blacker, Z. F. Mann, J. E. Gale, M. Ziegler, A. J. Bain, G. Szabadkai, M. R. Duchen, Nat. Commun. 2014, 5, 3936;
- 7cY. Shichida, T. Matsuyama, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 2009, 364, 2881–2895.
- 8
- 8aC. Xu, R. Ye, H. Shen, J. W. Y. Lam, Z. Zhao, B. Zhong Tang, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2022, 61, e202204604;
- 8bA. W. Kohn, Z. Lin, T. Van Voorhis, J. Phys. Chem. C 2019, 123, 15394–15402.
- 9A. Villringer, J. Planck, C. Hock, L. Schleinkofer, U. Dirnagl, Neurosci. Lett. 1993, 154, 101–104.
- 10A. B. E. Attia, G. Balasundaram, M. Moothanchery, U. S. Dinish, R. Bi, V. Ntziachristos, M. Olivo, Photoacoustics 2019, 16, 100144.
- 11G. S. Mitchell, R. K. Gill, D. L. Boucher, C. Li, S. R. Cherry, Philos. Trans. A 2011, 369, 4605–4619.
- 12
- 12aT. F. Massoud, S. S. Gambhir, Genes Dev. 2003, 17, 545–580;
- 12bV. Ntziachristos, C. Bremer, R. Weissleder, Eur. Radiol. 2003, 13, 195–208;
- 12cJ. Lakowicz, Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, 2nd edition ed, Plenum Publishing Corporation, 1999.
- 13C. Ran, J. R. Mansfield, M. Bai, N. T. Viola, A. Mahajan, E. J. Delikatny, Mol. Imaging Biol. 2023, 25, 240–264.
- 14
- 14aJ. Rao, A. Dragulescu-Andrasi, H. Yao, Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 2007, 18, 17–25;
- 14bB. W. Rice, C. H. Contag, Nat. Biotechnol. 2009, 27, 624–625;
- 14cT. Ueno, T. Nagano, Nat. Methods 2011, 8, 642–645;
- 14dH. Kobayashi, M. Ogawa, R. Alford, P. L. Choyke, Y. Urano, Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 2620–2640;
- 14eJ. V. Frangioni, Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2003, 7, 626–634.
- 15H. Gong, J. L. Kovar, B. Baker, A. Zhang, L. Cheung, D. R. Draney, I. R. Correa Jr., M. Q. Xu, D. M. Olive, PLoS One 2012, 7, e34003.
- 16
- 16aH. S. Choi, S. L. Gibbs, J. H. Lee, S. H. Kim, Y. Ashitate, F. Liu, H. Hyun, G. Park, Y. Xie, S. Bae, M. Henary, J. V. Frangioni, Nat. Biotechnol. 2013, 31, 148–153;
- 16bE. A. Owens, M. Henary, G. El Fakhri, H. S. Choi, Acc. Chem. Res. 2016, 49, 1731–1740;
- 16cT. Troy, D. Jekic-McMullen, L. Sambucetti, B. Rice, Mol. Imaging 2004, 3, 9–23.
- 17
- 17aY. Jiang, J. Huang, X. Zhen, Z. Zeng, J. Li, C. Xie, Q. Miao, J. Chen, P. Chen, K. Pu, Nat. Commun. 2019, 10, 2064;
- 17bQ. Miao, K. Pu, Adv. Mater. 2018, 30, e1801778.
- 18S. Iwano, M. Sugiyama, H. Hama, A. Watakabe, N. Hasegawa, T. Kuchimaru, K. Z. Tanaka, M. Takahashi, Y. Ishida, J. Hata, S. Shimozono, K. Namiki, T. Fukano, M. Kiyama, H. Okano, S. Kizaka-Kondoh, T. J. McHugh, T. Yamamori, H. Hioki, S. Maki, A. Miyawaki, Science 2018, 359, 935–939.
- 19
- 19aA. E. Spinelli, M. Ferdeghini, C. Cavedon, E. Zivelonghi, R. Calandrino, A. Fenzi, A. Sbarbati, F. Boschi, J. Biomed. Opt. 2013, 18, 020502;
- 19bE. C. Pratt, M. Skubal, B. Mc Larney, P. Causa-Andrieu, S. Das, P. Sawan, A. Araji, C. Riedl, K. Vyas, D. Tuch, J. Grimm, Nat. Biomed. Eng. 2022, 6, 559–568.
- 20J. Yang, W. Yin, R. Van, K. Yin, P. Wang, C. Zheng, B. Zhu, K. Ran, C. Zhang, M. Kumar, Y. Shao, C. Ran, Nat. Commun. 2020, 11, 4052.
- 21
- 21aA. Champagne, P. Jain, L. Velot, J. Riopel, V. Lefebvre, B. Neveu, F. Pouliot, Theranostics 2022, 12, 474–492;
- 21bC. Gregor, J. K. Pape, K. C. Gwosch, T. Gilat, S. J. Sahl, S. W. Hell, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2019, 116, 26491–26496;
- 21cM. M. Chen, C. H. Xu, W. Zhao, H. Y. Chen, J. J. Xu, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2021, 143, 18511–18518.
- 22
- 22aX. Yang, X. Qin, H. Ji, L. Du, M. Li, Org. Biomol. Chem. 2022, 20, 1360–1372;
- 22bS. Liu, Y. Su, M. Z. Lin, J. A. Ronald, ACS Chem. Biol. 2021, 16, 2707–2718;
- 22cG. Zambito, C. Chawda, L. Mezzanotte, Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2021, 63, 86–94;
- 22dA. J. Syed, J. C. Anderson, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2021, 50, 5668–5705;
- 22eS. Li, Z. Ruan, H. Zhang, H. Xu, Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2021, 211, 113111;
- 22fA. C. Love, J. A. Prescher, Cell Chem. Biol. 2020, 27, 904–920;
- 22gT. A. Su, K. J. Bruemmer, C. J. Chang, Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 2019, 60, 198–204.
- 23M. P. Hall, C. C. Woodroofe, M. G. Wood, I. Que, M. Van′t Root, Y. Ridwan, C. Shi, T. A. Kirkland, L. P. Encell, K. V. Wood, C. Lowik, L. Mezzanotte, Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 132.
- 24Y. Nasu, R. E. Campbell, Science 2018, 359, 868–869.
- 25L. G. Reijmers, B. L. Perkins, N. Matsuo, M. Mayford, Science 2007, 317, 1230–1233.
- 26Y. Su, J. R. Walker, M. P. Hall, M. A. Klein, X. Wu, L. P. Encell, K. M. Casey, L. X. Liu, G. Hong, M. Z. Lin, T. A. Kirkland, Nat. Chem. Biol. 2023, 19, 731–739.
- 27A. K. Yadav, M. C. Lee, M. Y. Lucero, S. Su, C. J. Reinhardt, J. Chan, ACS Cent. Sci. 2022, 8, 461–472.
- 28A. K. Yadav, Z. Zhao, Y. Weng, S. H. Gardner, C. J. Brady, O. D. Pichardo Peguero, J. Chan, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2023, 145, 1460–1469.
- 29
- 29aJ. C. Watts, K. Giles, S. K. Grillo, A. Lemus, S. J. DeArmond, S. B. Prusiner, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2011, 108, 2528–2533;
- 29bA. A. Dunn-Meynell, P. Dowling, M. Marchese, E. Rodriguez, B. Blumberg, Y. B. Choi, D. Gaindh, W. Lu, Front. Aging Neurosci. 2019, 11, 252;
- 29cP. Edison, C. K. Donat, M. Sastre, Front. Neurol. 2018, 9, 625;
- 29dT. Hashimoto, K. W. Adams, Z. Fan, P. J. McLean, B. T. Hyman, J. Biol. Chem. 2011, 286, 27081–27091.
- 30J. Yang, W. Ding, B. Zhu, S. Zhen, S. Kuang, C. Zhang, P. Wang, F. Yang, L. Yang, W. Yin, R. E. Tanzi, S. Shen, C. Ran, bioRxiv preprint 2021, 2021.06.05.447217. bioRxiv 2021.06.05.447217; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.05.447217.
- 31J. Yang, W. Ding, B. Zhu, S. Zhen, S. Kuang, J. Yang, C. Zhang, P. Wang, F. Yang, L. Yang, W. Yin, R. E. Tanzi, S. Shen, C. Ran, Anal. Chem. 2023, 95, 14261–14270.
- 32
- 32aM. P. Hall, J. Unch, B. F. Binkowski, M. P. Valley, B. L. Butler, M. G. Wood, P. Otto, K. Zimmerman, G. Vidugiris, T. Machleidt, M. B. Robers, H. A. Benink, C. T. Eggers, M. R. Slater, P. L. Meisenheimer, D. H. Klaubert, F. Fan, L. P. Encell, K. V. Wood, ACS Chem. Biol. 2012, 7, 1848–1857;
- 32bC. G. England, E. B. Ehlerding, W. Cai, Bioconjugate Chem. 2016, 27, 1175–1187;
- 32cA. Fleiss, K. S. Sarkisyan, Curr. Genet. 2019, 65, 877–882.
- 33N. Gaspar, J. R. Walker, G. Zambito, K. Marella-Panth, C. Lowik, T. A. Kirkland, L. Mezzanotte, J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 2021, 216, 112128.
- 34J. Chu, Y. Oh, A. Sens, N. Ataie, H. Dana, J. J. Macklin, T. Laviv, E. S. Welf, K. M. Dean, F. Zhang, B. B. Kim, C. T. Tang, M. Hu, M. A. Baird, M. W. Davidson, M. A. Kay, R. Fiolka, R. Yasuda, D. S. Kim, H. L. Ng, M. Z. Lin, Nat. Biotechnol. 2016, 34, 760–767.
- 35Y. Su, J. R. Walker, Y. Park, T. P. Smith, L. X. Liu, M. P. Hall, L. Labanieh, R. Hurst, D. C. Wang, L. P. Encell, N. Kim, F. Zhang, M. A. Kay, K. M. Casey, R. G. Majzner, J. R. Cochran, C. L. Mackall, T. A. Kirkland, M. Z. Lin, Nat. Methods 2020, 17, 852–860.
- 36
- 36aA. W. Senior, R. Evans, J. Jumper, J. Kirkpatrick, L. Sifre, T. Green, C. Qin, A. Žídek, A. W. R. Nelson, A. Bridgland, H. Penedones, S. Petersen, K. Simonyan, S. Crossan, P. Kohli, D. T. Jones, D. Silver, K. Kavukcuoglu, D. Hassabis, Nature 2020, 577, 706–710;
- 36bI. Anishchenko, S. J. Pellock, T. M. Chidyausiku, T. A. Ramelot, S. Ovchinnikov, J. Hao, K. Bafna, C. Norn, A. Kang, A. K. Bera, F. DiMaio, L. Carter, C. M. Chow, G. T. Montelione, D. Baker, Nature 2021, 600, 547–552;
- 36cA. H.-W. Yeh, C. Norn, Y. Kipnis, D. Tischer, S. J. Pellock, D. Evans, P. Ma, G. R. Lee, J. Z. Zhang, I. Anishchenko, B. Coventry, L. Cao, J. Dauparas, S. Halabiya, M. DeWitt, L. Carter, K. N. Houk, D. Baker, Nature 2023, 614, 774–780.
- 37J. Xu, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2019, 116, 16856–16865.
- 38
- 38aS. Biswas, G. Khimulya, E. C. Alley, K. M. Esvelt, G. M. Church, Nat. Methods 2021, 18, 389–396;
- 38bA. Madani, B. McCann, N. Naik, N. S. Keskar, N. Anand, R. R. Eguchi, P.-S. Huang, R. Socher, arXiv preprint 2020, 2020.2003.2007.982272. arXiv:2004.03497
- 39
- 39aL. Jiang, E. A. Althoff, F. R. Clemente, L. Doyle, D. Röthlisberger, A. Zanghellini, J. L. Gallaher, J. L. Betker, F. Tanaka, C. F. Barbas 3rd, D. Hilvert, K. N. Houk, B. L. Stoddard, D. Baker, Science 2008, 319, 1387–1391;
- 39bD. Röthlisberger, O. Khersonsky, A. M. Wollacott, L. Jiang, J. DeChancie, J. Betker, J. L. Gallaher, E. A. Althoff, A. Zanghellini, O. Dym, S. Albeck, K. N. Houk, D. S. Tawfik, D. Baker, Nature 2008, 453, 190–195.
- 40C. M. Rathbun, W. B. Porterfield, K. A. Jones, M. J. Sagoe, M. R. Reyes, C. T. Hua, J. A. Prescher, ACS Cent. Sci. 2017, 3, 1254–1261.
- 41H. H. Yang, F. St-Pierre, J. Neurosci. 2016, 36, 9977–9989.
- 42P. Srinivasan, N. M. Griffin, D. Thakur, P. Joshi, A. Nguyen-Le, S. McCotter, A. Jain, M. Saeidi, P. Kulkarni, J. T. Eisdorfer, J. H. Rothman, C. Montell, L. Theogarajan, Adv. Biol. 2021, 5, e2100842.
- 43A. Khakhar, C. G. Starker, J. C. Chamness, N. Lee, S. Stokke, C. Wang, R. Swanson, F. Rizvi, T. Imaizumi, D. F. Voytas, eLife 2020, 9, e52786.
- 44A. Yevtodiyenko, A. Bazhin, P. Khodakivskyi, A. Godinat, G. Budin, T. Maric, G. Pietramaggiori, S. S. Scherer, M. Kunchulia, G. Eppeldauer, S. V. Polyakov, K. P. Francis, J. N. Bryan, E. A. Goun, Nat. Commun. 2021, 12, 2680.
- 45
- 45aM. H. Foley, S. O′Flaherty, R. Barrangou, C. M. Theriot, PLoS Pathog. 2019, 15, e1007581;
- 45bK. B. Islam, S. Fukiya, M. Hagio, N. Fujii, S. Ishizuka, T. Ooka, Y. Ogura, T. Hayashi, A. Yokota, Gastroenterology 2011, 141, 1773–1781.
- 46P. V. Khodakivskyi, C. L. Lauber, A. Yevtodiyenko, A. A. Bazhin, S. Bruce, T. Ringel-Kulka, Y. Ringel, B. Betrisey, J. Torres, J. Hu, C. J. Chou, E. A. Goun, Sci. Adv. 2021, 7, eaaz9857.
- 47
- 47aM. Momcilovic, A. Jones, S. T. Bailey, C. M. Waldmann, R. Li, J. T. Lee, G. Abdelhady, A. Gomez, T. Holloway, E. Schmid, D. Stout, M. C. Fishbein, L. Stiles, D. V. Dabir, S. M. Dubinett, H. Christofk, O. Shirihai, C. M. Koehler, S. Sadeghi, D. B. Shackelford, Nature 2019, 575, 380–384;
- 47bF. J. Detmer, N. M. Alpert, S.-H. Moon, M. Dhaynaut, J. L. Guerrero, N. J. Guehl, F. Xing, P. Brugarolas, T. M. Shoup, M. D. Normandin, M. Pelletier-Galarneau, G. El Fakhri, Y. Petibon, Sci. Rep. 2022, 12, 6122.
- 48A. A. Bazhin, R. Sinisi, U. De Marchi, A. Hermant, N. Sambiagio, T. Maric, G. Budin, E. A. Goun, Nat. Chem. Biol. 2020, 16, 1385–1393.
- 49A. L. Antaris, H. Chen, K. Cheng, Y. Sun, G. Hong, C. Qu, S. Diao, Z. Deng, X. Hu, B. Zhang, X. Zhang, O. K. Yaghi, Z. R. Alamparambil, X. Hong, Z. Cheng, H. Dai, Nat. Mater. 2016, 15, 235–242.
- 50L. Lu, B. Li, S. Ding, Y. Fan, S. Wang, C. Sun, M. Zhao, C. X. Zhao, F. Zhang, Nat. Commun. 2020, 11, 4192.
- 51
- 51aN. Hananya, D. Shabat, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2017, 56, 16454–16463;
- 51bN. Hananya, D. Shabat, ACS Cent. Sci. 2019, 5, 949–959;
- 51cK. Suzuki, T. Nagai, Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 2017, 48, 135–141;
- 51dA. Roda, P. Pasini, M. Mirasoli, E. Michelini, M. Guardigli, Trends Biotechnol. 2004, 22, 295–303;
- 51eA. J. Shuhendler, K. Pu, L. Cui, J. P. Uetrecht, J. Rao, Nat. Biotechnol. 2014, 32, 373–380;
- 51fD. Lee, S. Khaja, J. C. Velasquez-Castano, M. Dasari, C. Sun, J. Petros, W. R. Taylor, N. Murthy, Nat. Mater. 2007, 6, 765–769;
- 51gI.-J. H. Lee, O. Yoo, D.-H. Khang, G.-S. Lee, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 2011, 32, 2187–2192;
- 51hJ. M. Baumes, J. J. Gassensmith, J. Giblin, J. J. Lee, A. G. White, W. J. Culligan, W. M. Leevy, M. Kuno, B. D. Smith, Nat. Chem. 2010, 2, 1025–1030.
- 52
- 52aN. Hananya, A. Eldar Boock, C. R. Bauer, R. Satchi-Fainaro, D. Shabat, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138, 13438–13446;
- 52bS. Son, M. Won, O. Green, N. Hananya, A. Sharma, Y. Jeon, J. H. Kwak, J. L. Sessler, D. Shabat, J. S. Kim, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2019, 58, 1739–1743.
- 53
- 53aH. Zhao, T. C. Doyle, R. J. Wong, Y. Cao, D. K. Stevenson, D. Piwnica-Worms, C. H. Contag, Mol. Imaging 2004, 3, 43–54;
- 53bL. L. Bronsart, C. Stokes, C. H. Contag, PLoS One 2016, 11, e0146601.
- 54S. Kuang, B. Zhu, J. Zhang, F. Yang, B. Wu, C. Ran, bioRxiv preprint 2022, 2022/478818. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.02.10.478818.
10.1101/2022.02.10.478818 Google Scholar
- 55J. Zhang, C. Wickizer, W. Ding, R. Van, L. Yang, B. Zhu, J. Yang, C. Zhang, S. Shen, Y. Shao, C. Ran, bioRxiv preprint 2023, 2023/547411. doi: 10.1101/2023.07.02.547411
- 56
- 56aJ. Lou, X. Tang, H. Zhang, W. Guan, C. Lu, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2021, 60, 13029–13034;
- 56bJ. Jeon, D. G. You, W. Um, J. Lee, C. H. Kim, S. Shin, S. Kwon, J. H. Park, Sci. Adv. 2020, 6, eaaz8400.
- 57
- 57aJ. Dragavon, S. Blazquez, A. Rekiki, C. Samson, I. Theodorou, K. L. Rogers, R. Tournebize, S. L. Shorte, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2012, 109, 8890–8895;
- 57bJ. C. Tseng, D. Bailey, T. Tupper, A. L. Kung, Mol. Imaging Biol. 2014, 16, 478–487.
- 58L. Yue, Y. J. Liu, W. H. Fang, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 11632–11639.
- 59J. Birriel, I. Birriel, The Physics Teacher 2014, 52, 400–402.
- 60Y. Jiang, K. Pu, Chem. Rev. 2021, 121, 13086–13131.
- 61Y. Liu, L. Teng, X.-F. Lou, X.-B. Zhang, G. Song, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2023, 145, 5134–5144.
- 62
- 62aC. Liang, J. Xie, S. Luo, C. Huang, Q. Zhang, H. Huang, P. Zhang, Nat. Commun. 2021, 12, 5001;
- 62bI. Rosenthal, J. Z. Sostaric, P. Riesz, Ultrason. Sonochem. 2004, 11, 349–363;
- 62cX. Wang, X. Zhong, L. Bai, J. Xu, F. Gong, Z. Dong, Z. Yang, Z. Zeng, Z. Liu, L. Cheng, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, 142, 6527–6537;
- 62dA. Ma, H. Chen, Y. Cui, Z. Luo, R. Liang, Z. Wu, Z. Chen, T. Yin, J. Ni, M. Zheng, L. Cai, Small 2019, 15, 1804028;
- 62eA. L. Nikolaev, A. V. Gopin, V. E. Bozhevolnov, S. E. Mazina, A. V. Severin, V. N. Rudin, N. V. Andronova, H. M. Treschalina, O. L. Kaliya, L. I. Solovyeva, E. A. Lukyanets, Russ. Chem. Bull. 2014, 63, 1036–1047;
- 62fH. Lei, J. H. Kim, S. Son, L. Chen, Z. Pei, Y. Yang, Z. Liu, L. Cheng, J. S. Kim, ACS Nano 2022, 16, 10979–10993.
- 63C. Xu, J. Huang, Y. Jiang, S. He, C. Zhang, K. Pu, Nat. Biomed. Eng. 2023, 7, 298–312.
- 64J. Huang, K. Pu, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 11717–11731.
- 65J. Huang, Y. Jiang, J. Li, J. Huang, K. Pu, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2021, 60, 3999–4003.
- 66Y. Yang, S. Wang, L. Lu, Q. Zhang, P. Yu, Y. Fan, F. Zhang, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 18380–18385.
- 67Z. Chen, L. Su, Y. Wu, J. Liu, R. Wu, Q. Li, C. Wang, L. Liu, J. Song, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2023, 120, e2205186120.
- 68
- 68aH. N. Kagalwala, A. R. Lippert, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2022, 61, e202210057;
- 68bM. Yang, J. Huang, J. Fan, J. Du, K. Pu, X. Peng, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2020, 49, 6800–6815;
- 68cY. Wang, Y. Bian, X. Chen, D. Su, Chem. Asian J. 2022, 17, e202200018;
- 68dS. Huang, Z. Li, M. Liu, M. Zhou, J. Weng, Y. He, Y. Jiang, H. Zhang, H. Sun, Chem. Commun. 2022, 58, 1442–1453;
- 68eU. Haris, A. R. Lippert, ACS Sens. 2023, 8, 3–11.
- 69
- 69aP. A. Cherenkov, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 1934, 2, 451;
- 69bS. Das, D. L. Thorek, J. Grimm, Adv. Cancer Res. 2014, 124, 213–234;
- 69cS. Weinberg, Phys. Rev. D 2019, 99, 076018.
- 70
- 70aR. Robertson, M. S. Germanos, C. Li, G. S. Mitchell, S. R. Cherry, M. D. Silva, Phys. Med. Biol. 2009, 54, N355–365;
- 70bH. Liu, G. Ren, Z. Miao, X. Zhang, X. Tang, P. Han, S. S. Gambhir, Z. Cheng, PLoS One 2010, 5, e9470.
- 71
- 71aD. Duan, H. Liu, Y. Xu, Y. Han, M. Xu, Z. Zhang, Z. Liu, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 10, 5278–5286;
- 71bD. Ni, C. A. Ferreira, T. E. Barnhart, V. Quach, B. Yu, D. Jiang, W. Wei, H. Liu, J. W. Engle, P. Hu, W. Cai, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2018, 140, 14971–14979;
- 71cS. Kavadiya, P. Biswas, J. Nucl. Med. 2019, 60, 702–709.
- 72
- 72aD. L. Thorek, C. C. Riedl, J. Grimm, J. Nucl. Med. 2014, 55, 95–98;
- 72bA. E. Spinelli, M. P. Schiariti, C. M. Grana, M. Ferrari, M. Cremonesi, F. Boschi, J. Biomed. Opt. 2016, 21, 050502;
- 72cC. Darr, N. N. Harke, J. P. Radtke, L. Yirga, C. Kesch, M. R. Grootendorst, W. P. Fendler, P. F. Costa, C. Rischpler, C. Praus, J. Haubold, H. Reis, T. Hager, K. Herrmann, I. Binse, B. Hadaschik, J. Nucl. Med. 2020, 61, 1500–1506;
- 72dD. Bagguley, M. Cumberbatch, N. Lawrentschuk, D. G. Murphy, J. Nucl. Med. 2020, 61, 1498–1499.
- 73J. O. Heuvel, B. J. de Wit-van der Veen, H. G. van der Poel, P. J. van Leeuwen, E. M. Bekers, M. R. Grootendorst, K. N. Vyas, C. H. Slump, M. P. M. Stokkel, J. Nucl. Med. 2022, 63, 29–35.
- 74
- 74aJ. Axelsson, S. C. Davis, D. J. Gladstone, B. W. Pogue, Med. Phys. 2011, 38, 4127–4132;
- 74bM. J. Jia, P. Bruza, J. M. Andreozzi, L. A. Jarvis, D. J. Gladstone, B. W. Pogue, Med. Phys. 2019, 46, 3067–3077.
- 75
- 75aH. Liu, X. Zhang, B. Xing, P. Han, S. S. Gambhir, Z. Cheng, Small 2010, 6, 1087–1091;
- 75bD. L. Thorek, A. Ogirala, B. J. Beattie, J. Grimm, Nat. Med. 2013, 19, 1345–1350.
- 76J. Czupryna, A. V. Kachur, E. Blankemeyer, A. V. Popov, A. D. Arroyo, J. S. Karp, E. J. Delikatny, J. Nucl. Med. 2015, 56, 483–488.
- 77A. D. Arroyo, A. E. Guzman, A. V. Kachur, A. V. Popov, E. J. Delikatny, Front. Phys. 2021, 9, 652179.
- 78
- 78aH. Guo, X. He, M. Liu, Z. Zhang, Z. Hu, J. Tian, IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 2017, 36, 1337–1346;
- 78bL. Wang, X. He, J. Yu, Front. Oncol. 2021, 11, 749889;
- 78cX. Zhang, M. Cai, L. Guo, Z. Zhang, B. Shen, X. Zhang, Z. Hu, J. Tian, Biomed. Opt. Express 2021, 12, 7703–7716.
- 79
- 79aT. M. Shaffer, E. C. Pratt, J. Grimm, Nat. Nanotechnol. 2017, 12, 106–117;
- 79bC. A. Ferreira, D. Ni, Z. T. Rosenkrans, W. Cai, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2019, 58, 13232–13252.
- 80
- 80aX. Cao, S. Jiang, M. Jia, J. Gunn, T. Miao, S. C. Davis, P. Bruza, B. W. Pogue, Opt. Lett. 2018, 43, 3854–3857;
- 80bB. E. Mc Larney, Q. Zhang, E. C. Pratt, M. Skubal, E. Isaac, H. T. Hsu, A. Ogirala, J. Grimm, J. Nucl. Med. 2023, 64, 177–182.
- 81J. Grimm, Nat. Biomed. Eng. 2018, 2, 205–206.
- 82J.-C. G. Bünzli, Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 2729–2755.
- 83A. G. Cosby, S. H. Ahn, E. Boros, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2018, 57, 15496–15499.
- 84K. E. Martin, A. G. Cosby, E. Boros, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2021, 143, 9206–9214.
- 85
- 85aR. Tamura, E. C. Pratt, J. Grimm, Semin. Nucl. Med. 2018, 48, 359–366;
- 85bF. Boschi, A. E. Spinelli, Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 1771;
- 85cS. B. Mondal, C. M. O′Brien, K. Bishop, R. C. Fields, J. A. Margenthaler, S. Achilefu, J. Nucl. Med. 2020, 61, 1113–1122.
- 86K. Ogoh, R. Akiyoshi, T. May Maw, T. Sugiyama, S. Dosaka, Y. Hatta-Ohashi, H. Suzuki, J. Microsc. 2014, 253, 191–197.
- 87
- 87aM. A. Digman, V. R. Caiolfa, M. Zamai, E. Gratton, Biophys. J. 2008, 94, L14-L16;
- 87bL. Scipioni, A. Rossetta, G. Tedeschi, E. Gratton, Nat. Methods 2021, 18, 542–550.
- 88Z. Yao, C. K. Brennan, L. Scipioni, H. Chen, K. K. Ng, G. Tedeschi, K. Parag-Sharma, A. L. Amelio, E. Gratton, M. A. Digman, J. A. Prescher, Nat. Methods 2022, 19, 893–898.
- 89C. M. Magalhaes, J. C. Esteves da Silva, L. Pinto da Silva, ChemPhysChem 2016, 17, 2286–2294.
- 90M. L. Schipper, M. R. Patel, S. S. Gambhir, Mol. Imaging Biol. 2006, 8, 218–225.
- 91J.-Y. Koo, G. B. Schuster, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 6107–6109.
- 92Y. R. Kim, S. Kim, J. W. Choi, S. Y. Choi, S. H. Lee, H. Kim, S. K. Hahn, G. Y. Koh, S. H. Yun, Theranostics 2015, 5, 805–817.
- 93K. Ni, G. Lan, W. Lin, ACS Cent. Sci. 2020, 6, 861–868.
- 94
- 94aT. Luo, Y. Fan, J. Mao, X. Jiang, L. Albano, E. Yuan, T. Germanas, W. Lin, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2023, 62, e202301910;
- 94bZ. Xu, W. Zhen, C. McCleary, T. Luo, X. Jiang, C. Peng, R. R. Weichselbaum, W. Lin, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2023, 145, 18698–18704.
- 95
- 95aL.-Y. Lin, Y. Nie, S. Kavadiya, T. Soundappan, P. Biswas, Chem. Eng. J. 2017, 316, 449–460;
- 95bC. B. Almquist, P. Biswas, J. Catal. 2002, 212, 145–156;
- 95cS. Kavadiya, P. Biswas, J. Nucl. Med. 2019, 60, 702–709.
- 96N. Kotagiri, G. P. Sudlow, W. J. Akers, S. Achilefu, Nat. Nanotechnol. 2015, 10, 370–379.
- 97H. Yuan, H. Chong, B. Wang, C. Zhu, L. Liu, Q. Yang, F. Lv, S. Wang, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 13184–13187.
- 98C. Y. Hsu, C. W. Chen, H. P. Yu, Y. F. Lin, P. S. Lai, Biomaterials 2013, 34, 1204–1212.
- 99J. R. MacCallum, in Comprehensive Polymer Science and Supplements (Eds.: G. Allen, J. C. Bevington), Pergamon, Amsterdam, 1989, pp. 529–537.
10.1016/B978-0-08-096701-1.00198-1 Google Scholar
- 100
- 100aH. C. Wulf, Br. J. Dermatol. 2019, 180, 695–696;
- 100bS. H. Ibbotson, T. H. Wong, C. A. Morton, N. J. Collier, A. Haylett, K. E. McKenna, R. Mallipeddi, H. Moseley, L. E. Rhodes, D. C. Seukeran, K. A. Ward, M. F. Mohd Mustapa, L. S. Exton, Br. J. Dermatol. 2019, 180, 715–729.
- 101M. Kaplan, V. Gold, C. Hammerman, A. Hochman, D. Goldschmidt, H. J. Vreman, D. K. Stevenson, Biol. Neonate 2005, 87, 44–50.
- 102
- 102aN. Nagashima, S. Ozawa, M. Furuta, M. Oi, Y. Hori, T. Tomita, Y. Sohma, M. Kanai, Sci. Adv. 2021, 7, eabc9750;
- 102bA. Taniguchi, Y. Shimizu, K. Oisaki, Y. Sohma, M. Kanai, Nat. Chem. 2016, 8, 974–982;
- 102cJ. Ni, A. Taniguchi, S. Ozawa, Y. Hori, Y. Kuninobu, T. Saito, T. Saido, T. Tomita, Y. Sohma, M. Kanai, Chem 2018, 4, 807–820.
- 103S. Kuang, B. Zhu, J. Zhang, F. Yang, B. Wu, W. Ding, L. Yang, S. Shen, S. H. Liang, P. Mondal, M. Kumar, R. E. Tanzi, C. Zhang, H. Chao, C. Ran, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2023, 62, e202312519.
- 104G. Blivet, J. Meunier, F. J. Roman, J. Touchon, Alzheimers Dement. 2018, 4, 54–63.
10.1016/j.trci.2017.12.003 Google Scholar
- 105A. J. Lewy, T. A. Wehr, F. K. Goodwin, D. A. Newsome, S. P. Markey, Science 1980, 210, 1267–1269.
- 106
- 106aJ. Baier, T. Maisch, M. Maier, E. Engel, M. Landthaler, W. Baumler, Biophys. J. 2006, 91, 1452–1459;
- 106bW. Baumler, J. Regensburger, A. Knak, A. Felgentrager, T. Maisch, Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 2012, 11, 107–117.
- 107S. H. Yun, S. J. J. Kwok, Nat. Biomed. Eng. 2017, 1, 0008.
- 108
- 108aJ. Kou, D. Dou, L. Yang, Oncotarget 2017, 8, 81591–81603;
- 108bL. Chen, H. Bai, J. F. Xu, S. Wang, X. Zhang, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2017, 9, 13950–13957.
- 109S. L. Gibson, R. Hilf, Cancer Res. 1983, 43, 4191–4197.
- 110L. F. de Freitas, M. R. Hamblin, IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2016, 22, 7000417.
- 111J. C. Sutherland, Photochem. Photobiol. 2002, 76, 164–170.
- 112
- 112aA. N. Onyango, Oxid. Met. 2016, 2016, 2398573;
10.1155/2016/2398573 Google Scholar
- 112bI. O. L. Bacellar, M. S. Baptista, ACS Omega 2019, 4, 21636–21646.
- 113I. Hanukoglu, J. Mol. Evol. 2017, 85, 205–218.
- 114G. R. Penzer, G. K. Radda, Biochem. J. 1968, 109, 259–268.
- 115W. D. Lienhart, V. Gudipati, P. Macheroux, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 2013, 535, 150–162.
- 116
- 116aM. Y. Yang, C. J. Chang, L. Y. Chen, J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 2017, 173, 325–332;
- 116bD. R. Cardoso, S. H. Libardi, L. H. Skibsted, Food Funct. 2012, 3, 487–502.
- 117
- 117aY. Y. Huang, S. K. Sharma, J. Carroll, M. R. Hamblin, Dose-Response 2011, 9, 602–618;
- 117bJ. J. Anders, R. J. Lanzafame, P. R. Arany, Photomed. Laser Surg. 2015, 33, 183–184;
- 117cM. R. Hamblin, J. Biophotonics 2016, 9, 1122–1124.
- 118K. A. Muili, S. Gopalakrishnan, S. L. Meyer, J. T. Eells, J. A. Lyons, PLoS One 2012, 7, e30655.
- 119J. J. Gooley, K. Chamberlain, K. A. Smith, S. B. Khalsa, S. M. Rajaratnam, E. Van Reen, J. M. Zeitzer, C. A. Czeisler, S. W. Lockley, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2011, 96, E463–472.
- 120
- 120aS. Farivar, T. Malekshahabi, R. Shiari, J. Lasers Med. Sci. 2014, 5, 58–62;
- 120bW. Boswell, M. Boswell, J. Titus, M. Savage, Y. Lu, J. Shen, R. B. Walter, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C 2015, 178, 76–85.
- 121Y. Zhang, S. Song, C. C. Fong, C. H. Tsang, Z. Yang, M. Yang, J. Invest. Dermatol. 2003, 120, 849–857.
- 122M. Boswell, Y. Lu, W. Boswell, M. Savage, K. Hildreth, R. Salinas, C. A. Walter, R. B. Walter, Genes 2019, 10, 271.
- 123M. Boswell, W. Boswell, Y. Lu, M. Savage, Z. Mazurek, J. Chang, J. Muster, R. Walter, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C 2018, 208, 77–86.
- 124M. R. Hamblin, Photonics 2019, 6, 77.
- 125M. Koyanagi, A. Terakita, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2014, 1837, 710–716.
- 126C. La Morgia, V. Carelli, M. Carbonelli, Front. Neurol. 2018, 9, 1047.
- 127
- 127aJ. S. Nissila, S. K. Manttari, T. T. Sarkioja, H. J. Tuominen, T. E. Takala, V. J. Kiviniemi, R. T. Sormunen, S. Y. Saarela, M. J. Timonen, Chronobiol. Int. 2017, 34, 37–44;
- 127bY. Nakane, K. Ikegami, H. Ono, N. Yamamoto, S. Yoshida, K. Hirunagi, S. Ebihara, Y. Kubo, T. Yoshimura, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2010, 107, 15264–15268.
- 128A. Flyktman, S. Manttari, J. Nissila, M. Timonen, S. Saarela, J. Exp. Biol. 2015, 218, 1521–1526.
- 129A. D. Liebert, B. T. Bicknell, R. D. Adams, Med. Hypotheses 2014, 82, 275–281.
- 130
- 130aE. S. Boyden, F. Zhang, E. Bamberg, G. Nagel, K. Deisseroth, Nat. Neurosci. 2005, 8, 1263–1268;
- 130bA. Adamantidis, S. Arber, J. S. Bains, E. Bamberg, A. Bonci, G. Buzsaki, J. A. Cardin, R. M. Costa, Y. Dan, Y. Goda, A. M. Graybiel, M. Hausser, P. Hegemann, J. R. Huguenard, T. R. Insel, P. H. Janak, D. Johnston, S. A. Josselyn, C. Koch, A. C. Kreitzer, C. Luscher, R. C. Malenka, G. Miesenbock, G. Nagel, B. Roska, M. J. Schnitzer, K. V. Shenoy, I. Soltesz, S. M. Sternson, R. W. Tsien, R. Y. Tsien, G. G. Turrigiano, K. M. Tye, R. I. Wilson, Nat. Neurosci. 2015, 18, 1202–1212.
- 131M. O. Poletini, B. C. Ramos, M. N. Moraes, A. M. Castrucci, Photochem. Photobiol. 2015, 91, 1046–1055.
- 132J. C. Rojas, F. Gonzalez-Lima, Biochem. Pharmacol. 2013, 86, 447–457.
- 133W. Xuan, T. Agrawal, L. Huang, G. K. Gupta, M. R. Hamblin, J. Biophotonics 2015, 8, 502–511.
- 134
- 134aA. E. Saltmarche, M. A. Naeser, K. F. Ho, M. R. Hamblin, L. Lim, Photomed. Laser Surg. 2017, 35, 432–441;
- 134bM. H. Berman, J. P. Halper, T. W. Nichols, H. Jarrett, A. Lundy, J. H. Huang, J. Neurol. Neurosci. 2017, 8, 176.
- 135
- 135aA. Khademhosseini, R. Langer, J. Borenstein, J. P. Vacanti, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2006, 103, 2480–2487;
- 135bR. M. Williams, S. Chen, R. E. Langenbacher, T. V. Galassi, J. D. Harvey, P. V. Jena, J. Budhathoki-Uprety, M. Luo, D. A. Heller, Nat. Chem. Biol. 2021, 17, 129–137;
- 135cZ. Yang, J. Cao, Y. He, J. H. Yang, T. Kim, X. Peng, J. S. Kim, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2014, 43, 4563–4601.
- 136
- 136aV. Ntziachristos, A. G. Yodh, M. Schnall, B. Chance, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2000, 97, 2767–2772;
- 136bR. Weissleder, Nat. Biotechnol. 2001, 19, 316–317.
- 137
- 137aH. E. Bonfield, T. Knauber, F. Levesque, E. G. Moschetta, F. Susanne, L. J. Edwards, Nat. Commun. 2020, 11, 804;
- 137bJ. Twilton, C. Le, P. Zhang, M. H. Shaw, R. W. Evans, D. W. C. MacMillan, Nat. Chem. Rev. 2017, 1, 0052;
- 137cY. Sempere, M. Morgenstern, T. Bach, M. Plaza, Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 2022, 21, 719–737;
- 137dA. Weingarten, Nat. Chem. Rev. 2017, 1, 0092;
- 137eW. Chen, Z. Huang, N. E. S. Tay, B. Giglio, M. Wang, H. Wang, Z. Wu, D. A. Nicewicz, Z. Li, Science 2019, 364, 1170–1174.
- 138S. S. Lucky, K. C. Soo, Y. Zhang, Chem. Rev. 2015, 115, 1990–2042.
- 139R. Kehm, T. Baldensperger, J. Raupbach, A. Hohn, Redox Biol. 2021, 42, 101901.
- 140M. Békés, D. R. Langley, C. M. Crews, Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery 2022, 21, 181–200.
- 141M. R. Hamblin, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 2017, 996, 295–309.
- 142
- 142aK. Ng, H. S. Nimeiri, N. J. McCleary, T. A. Abrams, M. B. Yurgelun, J. M. Cleary, D. A. Rubinson, D. Schrag, R. Miksad, A. J. Bullock, J. Allen, D. Zuckerman, E. Chan, J. A. Chan, B. M. Wolpin, M. Constantine, D. J. Weckstein, M. A. Faggen, C. A. Thomas, C. Kournioti, C. Yuan, C. Ganser, B. Wilkinson, C. Mackintosh, H. Zheng, B. W. Hollis, J. A. Meyerhardt, C. S. Fuchs, Jama 2019, 321, 1370–1379;
- 142bF. O′Sullivan, T. Raftery, M. van Weele, J. van Geffen, D. McNamara, C. O′Morain, N. Mahmud, D. Kelly, M. Healy, M. O′Sullivan, L. Zgaga, Photochem. Photobiol. 2019, 95, 1060–1067.
- 143H. Moreiras, C. O′Connor, M. Bell, D. J. Tobin, Exp. Dermatol. 2021, 30, 1324–1331.
- 144A. M. Fernandes, K. Fero, W. Driever, H. A. Burgess, BioEssays 2013, 35, 775–779.
- 145T. Akihisa, N. Takashi, Zoolog. Sci. 2014, 31, 653–659.
- 146
- 146aK. K. Kwong, J. W. Belliveau, D. A. Chesler, I. E. Goldberg, R. M. Weisskoff, B. P. Poncelet, D. N. Kennedy, B. E. Hoppel, M. S. Cohen, R. Turner, et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1992, 89, 5675–5679;
- 146bR. L. Buckner, J. Sepulcre, T. Talukdar, F. M. Krienen, H. Liu, T. Hedden, J. R. Andrews-Hanna, R. A. Sperling, K. A. Johnson, J. Neurosci. 2009, 29, 1860.
- 147S. Sabbah, M. S. Worden, D. D. Laniado, D. M. Berson, J. N. Sanes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2022, 119, e2118192119.
- 148
- 148aK. Tsuchida, M. Kobayashi, Sci. Rep. 2020, 10, 9626;
- 148bM. Havaux, C. Triantaphylides, B. Genty, Trends Plant Sci. 2006, 11, 480–484.
- 149I. Martínez-Reyes, N. S. Chandel, Nat. Commun. 2020, 11, 102.
- 150R. Teufel, A. Miyanaga, Q. Michaudel, F. Stull, G. Louie, J. P. Noel, P. S. Baran, B. Palfey, B. S. Moore, Nature 2013, 503, 552–556.
- 151J. W. Taanman, J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 1997, 29, 151–163.
- 152C. Moro, A. Valverde, M. Dole, J. Hoh Kam, C. Hamilton, A. Liebert, B. Bicknell, A.-L. Benabid, P. Magistretti, J. Mitrofanis, Front. Neurol. Neurosci. 2022, 16, 942536.
- 153
- 153aF. Zapata, V. Pastor-Ruiz, F. Ortega-Ojeda, G. Montalvo, A. V. Ruiz-Zolle, C. García-Ruiz, J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 2021, 216, 112141;
- 153bF. Ortega-Ojeda, M. Calcerrada, A. Ferrero, J. Campos, C. Garcia-Ruiz, Sensors 2018, 18, 1152.
- 154K. Hüll, J. Morstein, D. Trauner, Chem. Rev. 2018, 118, 10710–10747.
- 155K. Palczewski, P. D. Kiser, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2020, 117, 19629–19638.
- 156S. Ernst, S. Rovida, A. Mattevi, S. Fetzner, S. L. Drees, Nat. Commun. 2020, 11, 2600.
- 157
- 157aJ. W. Chin, P. G. Schultz, ChemBioChem 2002, 3, 1135–1137;
10.1002/1439-7633(20021104)3:11<1135::AID-CBIC1135>3.0.CO;2-M CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
- 157bT. Shiota, S.-I. Nishikawa, T. Endo, in Membrane Biogenesis: Methods and Protocols (Eds.: D. Rapaport, J. M. Herrmann), Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, 2013, pp. 207–217;
10.1007/978-1-62703-487-6_14 Google Scholar
- 157cY. Yang, H. Song, D. He, S. Zhang, S. Dai, S. Lin, R. Meng, C. Wang, P. R. Chen, Nat. Commun. 2016, 7, 12299.
- 158K. Hull, V. Fernandez-Duenas, M. Schonberger, M. Lopez-Cano, D. Trauner, F. Ciruela, Bioconjugate Chem. 2021, 32, 1979–1983.
- 159
- 159aL. O. Björn, Photochem. Photobiol. 2018, 94, 459–465;
- 159bL. Schmermund, V. Jurkaš, F. F. Özgen, G. D. Barone, H. C. Büchsenschütz, C. K. Winkler, S. Schmidt, R. Kourist, W. Kroutil, ACS Catal. 2019, 9, 4115–4144;
- 159cD. Sorigué, K. Hadjidemetriou, S. Blangy, G. Gotthard, A. Bonvalet, N. Coquelle, P. Samire, A. Aleksandrov, L. Antonucci, A. Benachir, S. Boutet, M. Byrdin, M. Cammarata, S. Carbajo, S. Cuiné, R. B. Doak, L. Foucar, A. Gorel, M. Grünbein, E. Hartmann, R. Hienerwadel, M. Hilpert, M. Kloos, T. J. Lane, B. Légeret, P. Legrand, Y. Li-Beisson, S. L. Y. Moulin, D. Nurizzo, G. Peltier, G. Schirò, R. L. Shoeman, M. Sliwa, X. Solinas, B. Zhuang, T. R. M. Barends, J. P. Colletier, M. Joffre, A. Royant, C. Berthomieu, M. Weik, T. Domratcheva, K. Brettel, M. H. Vos, I. Schlichting, P. Arnoux, P. Müller, F. Beisson, Science 2021, 372, eabd5687.
- 160P. Chen, X. Liu, C. Gu, P. Zhong, N. Song, M. Li, Z. Dai, X. Fang, Z. Liu, J. Zhang, R. Tang, S. Fan, X. Lin, Nature 2022, 612, 546–554.
- 161N. A. Romero, D. A. Nicewicz, Chem. Rev. 2016, 116, 10075–10166.
- 162
- 162aJ. P. Knowles, L. D. Elliott, K. I. Booker-Milburn, Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 2025–2052;
- 162bC. Sambiagio, T. Noël, TRECHEM 2020, 2, 92–106.
- 163P. Kobauri, F. J. Dekker, W. Szymanski, B. L. Feringa, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2023, 62, e202300681.
- 164M. Krebs, A. Döbber, T. Rodat, U. Lützen, Y. Zhao, M. Zuhayra, C. Peifer, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 9010.
- 165L. Heumos, A. C. Schaar, C. Lance, A. Litinetskaya, F. Drost, L. Zappia, M. D. Lücken, D. C. Strobl, J. Henao, F. Curion, H. Aliee, M. Ansari, P. Badia-i-Mompel, M. Büttner, E. Dann, D. Dimitrov, L. Dony, A. Frishberg, D. He, S. Hediyeh-zadeh, L. Hetzel, I. L. Ibarra, M. G. Jones, M. Lotfollahi, L. D. Martens, C. L. Müller, M. Nitzan, J. Ostner, G. Palla, R. Patro, Z. Piran, C. Ramírez-Suástegui, J. Saez-Rodriguez, H. Sarkar, B. Schubert, L. Sikkema, A. Srivastava, J. Tanevski, I. Virshup, P. Weiler, H. B. Schiller, F. J. Theis, C. Single-cell Best Practices, Nat. Rev. Gen. 2023, 24, 550–572.
- 166F. Meissner, J. Geddes-McAlister, M. Mann, M. Bantscheff, Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery 2022, 21, 637–654.
- 167
- 167aK. Vandereyken, A. Sifrim, B. Thienpont, T. Voet, Nat. Rev. Gen. 2023, 24, 494–515;
- 167bK. H. Chen, A. N. Boettiger, J. R. Moffitt, S. Wang, X. Zhuang, Science 2015, 348, aaa6090.