This article discusses the direct economic costs, indirect economic costs, and noneconomic costs associated with injuries and fatalities. Different methods for putting a value on noneconomic costs, often referred to as pain and suffering, are compared, and the types of compensation available for these different costs, including private insurance, public insurance, and the tort system, are examined. Next, a detailed discussion of how the tort system treats compensation for loss of life and limb is given. Finally, this article considers how life and limb are valued in other contexts, such as setting government regulations and assessing health care priorities. The focus is on the United States.