RESEARCH ARTICLE
Exploring the Convergence of Cyber–Physical Space: Multidimensional Modeling of Overtourism Interactions
Kaiwing Tai,
Minglei Liao,
Xintao Liu,
Kaiwing Tai
Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Search for more papers by this authorMinglei Liao
Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Xintao Liu
Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Correspondence:
Xintao Liu ([email protected])
Search for more papers by this authorKaiwing Tai,
Minglei Liao,
Xintao Liu,
Kaiwing Tai
Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Search for more papers by this authorMinglei Liao
Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Xintao Liu
Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Correspondence:
Xintao Liu ([email protected])
Search for more papers by this authorFunding: This work was supported by Policy Innovation and Co-ordination Office (Grant 2021.A6.174.21B), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 42171455), and the Hong Kong General Research Fund (GRF) (Grant 15204121).
ABSTRACT
As technological advancements continue to blur the boundaries between cyber and physical spaces, individuals' activities are not limited to physical space and increasingly transcend singular space. Prior research on interactions between cyber and physical spaces oversimplified or even overlooked the interactions between the two spaces due to limited access to human activity big data, for instance, the implications of cyber–physical interactions for tourism. Consequently, this study proposes an overtourism index framework intended to capture travel behaviors in both cyber and physical spaces to address the research gap. Based on extensive social media data from Hong Kong, the proposed framework is tested and validated efficiently to emulate tourism interactions between cyber and physical spaces at fine spatiotemporal resolutions. The results indicate that there is strong convergent interaction among the public in both cyber and physical spaces. Moreover, an online WebGIS interactive platform (https://arcg.is/0mzHyH) has been developed for visualizing these interactions and provides better decision-making regarding tourism policy in Hong Kong.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Open Research
Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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