Suicidal Thinking and Behavior in Adolescents at Ultra-High Risk of Psychosis: A Two-year Longitudinal Study
Corresponding Author
Lorenzo Pelizza MD
Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
Address correspondence to Lorenzo Pelizza, c/o CSM Petrella, Via Petrella n.1/A, Reggio Emilia (RE) 42100, Italy; E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorMichele Poletti PsycD
Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorSilvia Azzali PsycD
Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorFederica Paterlini PsycD
Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorSara Garlassi PsycD
Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorIlaria Scazza PsycD
Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorLuigi Rocco Chiri PsycD
Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorSimona Pupo MD
Intensive Care Unit, Guastalla Civil Hospital, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAndrea Raballo MD, PhD
Psychodiagnostic and Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, Department of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Lorenzo Pelizza MD
Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
Address correspondence to Lorenzo Pelizza, c/o CSM Petrella, Via Petrella n.1/A, Reggio Emilia (RE) 42100, Italy; E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorMichele Poletti PsycD
Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorSilvia Azzali PsycD
Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorFederica Paterlini PsycD
Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorSara Garlassi PsycD
Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorIlaria Scazza PsycD
Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorLuigi Rocco Chiri PsycD
Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorSimona Pupo MD
Intensive Care Unit, Guastalla Civil Hospital, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAndrea Raballo MD, PhD
Psychodiagnostic and Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, Department of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Objective
Suicide risk in subjects at Ultra-High Risk of psychosis (UHR) has been rarely assessed in adolescence, but it is of obvious importance for prognostic and clinical care reasons. In this study, we aimed to prospectively assess suicide risk and behaviors in UHR adolescents.
Method
We examined 112 help-seeking adolescents (13–18 years, 50% males, 83.9% Caucasian) that were enrolled in the Reggio Emilia At-Risk Mental States (ReARMS) project and followed up for 2 years. Specific items derived from the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS) and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) were used to assess suicide risk. Suicide attempts and completed suicides were also recorded.
Results
Baseline assessment detected 40 UHR adolescents, 32 FEP (first-episode psychosis), and 40 non-UHR/FEP. We found that 67.5% of UHR adolescents had suicidal ideation, and 18.5% to severe degree. Attempted suicide before enrollment was higher in the UHR group than in non-UHR/FEP peers (17.5% vs. 2.5%). BDI-II suicidal ideation severity was stable at 12-month follow-up and decreased at 24-month follow-up.
Conclusions
A high prevalence of suicidal ideation among UHR adolescents was found and supports the routine monitoring of risk of self-injurious thinking and behavior in this at-risk population.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
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| sltb12549-sup-0001-SupInfo.docWord document, 155.5 KB |
Figure S1. The “Reggio Emilia At-Risk Mental States” (ReARMS) protocol (Raballo et al., 2014). Figure S2. Severity of suicidal ideation (BDI-II item 9 score) in UHR+ individuals. Table S1. Spearman's correlations between BDI-II item 9 (“Suicidal Ideation”) subscore and other psychopathological parameters in FEP adolescents (n = 32). Table S2. Spearman's correlations between BDI-II item 9 (“Suicidal Ideation”) subscore and other psychopathological parameters in UHR− adolescents (n = 40). Table S3. “Suicidal ideation” in UHR+ adolescents (n = 40) across 2-years follow-up period. Table S4. Logistic regression of dichotomized “Suicidal ideation” BDI-II item 9 (cut-off of ≥ 1) by socio-demographic and psychopathological parameters within the UHR+ group (n = 40): baseline model (all predictors entered at step 1). Table S5. Logistic regression of dichotomized “Suicidal ideation” BDI-II item 9 (cut-off of ≥ 1) by socio-demographic and psychopathological parameters within the UHR+ group (n = 40): final model. Table S6. Logistic regression of dichotomized “Suicidal ideation” BDI-II item 9 (cut-off of ≥ 1) by socio-demographic and psychopathological parameters within the FEP group (n = 32): baseline model (all predictors entered at step 1). Table S7. Logistic regression of dichotomized “Suicidal ideation” BDI-II item 9 (cut-off of ≥ 1) by socio-demographic and psychopathological parameters within the FEP group (n = 32): final model. |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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