NUTRITION/PUBLIC HEALTH
The nutrition transition, food retail transformations, and policy responses to overnutrition in the East Asia region: A descriptive review
Oliver Huse,
Erica Reeve,
Phillip Baker,
Daniel Hunt,
Colin Bell,
Anna Peeters,
Kathryn Backholer,
Corresponding Author
Oliver Huse
Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation. Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
Correspondence
Oliver Huse, Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorErica Reeve
Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation. Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorPhillip Baker
Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition. Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorDaniel Hunt
Independent Researcher and Freelance Public Health Consultant, Bath, UK
Search for more papers by this authorColin Bell
Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation. Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorAnna Peeters
Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorKathryn Backholer
Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation. Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorOliver Huse,
Erica Reeve,
Phillip Baker,
Daniel Hunt,
Colin Bell,
Anna Peeters,
Kathryn Backholer,
Corresponding Author
Oliver Huse
Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation. Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
Correspondence
Oliver Huse, Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorErica Reeve
Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation. Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorPhillip Baker
Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition. Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorDaniel Hunt
Independent Researcher and Freelance Public Health Consultant, Bath, UK
Search for more papers by this authorColin Bell
Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation. Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorAnna Peeters
Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorKathryn Backholer
Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation. Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorFunding information: Australian Government, Grant/Award Number: Research Training Program scholarship
Summary
Background
The East Asia region is facing an increasing burden of overweight, obesity and related noncommunicable diseases, resulting from an ongoing nutrition transition. This study aimed to document the growing burden of overweight and obesity, and the accompanying dietary shifts, in the East Asia region and describe the policy responses to this.
Methods
We present noncommunicable disease risk factor collaboration data on trends in the burden of malnutrition, and Euromonitor International data on trends in dietary purchases, in the East Asia region. We searched the NOURISHING and GINA databases to identify food and nutrition policies implemented in these countries.
Results
There is an ongoing nutrition transition in the East Asia region, notably in upper-middle and lower-middle income countries. The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and accompanying health conditions, purchases of ultra-processed foods and beverages, and purchasing from supermarkets, fast-food and takeaway outlets, and other convenience retailers, are increasing. The policy response to this nutrition transition is limited, with the majority of policies implemented in higher-income countries.
Conclusions
East Asian countries are facing a growing burden of malnutrition, due in part to the dietary shifts occurring here. An ecological approach to policy intervention is needed to drive transformative food systems change.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
OH and KB are part of a project funded by VicHealth and UNICEF East Asia and Pacific that aimed to develop a research agenda to support improvement in the healthiness of urban retail food environments in the East Asia-Pacific Region. KB receives consultancy funds from UNICEF East Asia and Pacific. All other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Supporting Information
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