Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Volume 48, Issue 2 pp. 110-122

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Detection and Analysis of Florfenicol Residues and Metabolites in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Tissues Post-Oral Administration in Tropical Waters

Anna Paula R. Queiroga,

Anna Paula R. Queiroga

Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

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Gabriela F. P. Souza,

Gabriela F. P. Souza

Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

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Jonas Augusto R. Paschoal,

Jonas Augusto R. Paschoal

Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

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Airton Gonçalves Salles Jr,

Airton Gonçalves Salles Jr

Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

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Michael Schloter,

Michael Schloter

Comparative Microbiome Analysis Research Unit, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany

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Inácio Mateus Assane,

Inácio Mateus Assane

Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Aquatic Organisms, Aquaculture Center of UNESP, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil

Animal Health Laboratory, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Zambeze University (UniZambeze), Ulónguè, Tete, Mozambique

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Fabiana Pilarski,

Fabiana Pilarski

Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Aquatic Organisms, Aquaculture Center of UNESP, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil

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André Tadeu Gotardo,

André Tadeu Gotardo

orcid.org/0000-0001-7297-0522

Department of Pathology, Research Centre for Veterinary Toxicology (CEPTOX), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil

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Silvana Lima Górniak,

Silvana Lima Górniak

Department of Pathology, Research Centre for Veterinary Toxicology (CEPTOX), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil

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Susanne Rath,

Corresponding Author

Susanne Rath

[email protected]

orcid.org/0000-0002-2838-4566

Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

Correspondence:

Susanne Rath ([email protected])

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Anna Paula R. Queiroga,

Anna Paula R. Queiroga

Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

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Gabriela F. P. Souza,

Gabriela F. P. Souza

Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

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Jonas Augusto R. Paschoal,

Jonas Augusto R. Paschoal

Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

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Airton Gonçalves Salles Jr,

Airton Gonçalves Salles Jr

Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

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Michael Schloter,

Michael Schloter

Comparative Microbiome Analysis Research Unit, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany

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Inácio Mateus Assane,

Inácio Mateus Assane

Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Aquatic Organisms, Aquaculture Center of UNESP, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil

Animal Health Laboratory, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Zambeze University (UniZambeze), Ulónguè, Tete, Mozambique

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Fabiana Pilarski,

Fabiana Pilarski

Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Aquatic Organisms, Aquaculture Center of UNESP, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil

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André Tadeu Gotardo,

André Tadeu Gotardo

orcid.org/0000-0001-7297-0522

Department of Pathology, Research Centre for Veterinary Toxicology (CEPTOX), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil

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Silvana Lima Górniak,

Silvana Lima Górniak

Department of Pathology, Research Centre for Veterinary Toxicology (CEPTOX), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil

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Susanne Rath,

Corresponding Author

Susanne Rath

[email protected]

orcid.org/0000-0002-2838-4566

Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

Correspondence:

Susanne Rath ([email protected])

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First published: 27 September 2024

https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.13485

Citations: 1

Funding: This work was supported financially by the São Paulo State Research Foundation (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo [FAPESP], grants #2021/08152-0, #2019/22775-0, #2022/00343-4, and #2022/08804-0) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, grant #304584/2021-5), as well as by the project CONTACT, which has been funded within the framework of the ERA-NET Aquatic Pollutants project.

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ABSTRACT

Water temperature is a critical environmental parameter that significantly influences fish metabolism. This study assessed the metabolism of florfenicol (FF) in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at water temperatures typical of tropical and subtropical regions. Fish were treated with FF by oral administration of a dose of 10 mg kg⁻¹ bw for 10 consecutive days. Fish fillet, liver, and kidney were sampled during the treatment phase (1, 5, and 10 days) and posttreatment (1, 2, 3, and 5 days after the last FF administration). FF, florfenicol amine (FFA), monochloro florfenicol (FFCl), and florfenicol alcohol (FFOH) were determined in the sampled tissues using a validated LC–LC–MS/MS method. The highest FF, FFA, and FFOH concentrations were determined on day 5 during the treatment phase. For FF, the concentration order is kidney > liver > fillet, while for the metabolites FFOH and FFA, the order is liver > kidney > fillet. In fillet and liver, the concentrations of FFOH were higher than the FFA concentrations, indicating that FFOH was the primary metabolite in these tissues. FFCl was only quantified at concentrations lower than 90 μg kg⁻¹ in all tissues. The results indicated that FF can be readily absorbed and rapidly eliminated in tilapia cultivated in warm water environments. This study revealed FFOH as the primary and most persistent metabolite in tilapia farmed in warm water, followed by FFA.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Open Research

Data Availability Statement

Data will be made available on request.

Supporting Information

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Volume48, Issue2

March 2025

Pages 110-122

Detection and Analysis of Florfenicol Residues and Metabolites in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Tissues Post-Oral Administration in Tropical Waters

ABSTRACT

Conflicts of Interest

Open Research

Data Availability Statement

Supporting Information

References

Citing Literature

References

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Detection and Analysis of Florfenicol Residues and Metabolites in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Tissues Post-Oral Administration in Tropical Waters

ABSTRACT

Conflicts of Interest

Open Research

Data Availability Statement

Supporting Information

References

Citing Literature

References

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