Instruments for evaluating compliance with infection control practices and factors that affect it: an integrative review
Corresponding Author
Marília Duarte Valim RN
PhD Student, Nurse and Principal Investigator
Department of Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
Correspondence: Marília Duarte Valim, Nurse and Principal Investigator, Department of Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP: 14040-902, São Paulo, Brazil. Telephone: +55 16 36023381.
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMaria H Palucci Marziale RN, PhD
Full Professor
Department of Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorMiguel Richart-Martínez PhD
Full Professor
Nursing Department, University of Alicante, Community of Valencia, Alicante, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorÁngela Sanjuan-Quiles RN, PhD
Assistant Professor
Nursing Department, University of Alicante, Community of Valencia, Alicante, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Marília Duarte Valim RN
PhD Student, Nurse and Principal Investigator
Department of Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
Correspondence: Marília Duarte Valim, Nurse and Principal Investigator, Department of Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP: 14040-902, São Paulo, Brazil. Telephone: +55 16 36023381.
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMaria H Palucci Marziale RN, PhD
Full Professor
Department of Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorMiguel Richart-Martínez PhD
Full Professor
Nursing Department, University of Alicante, Community of Valencia, Alicante, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorÁngela Sanjuan-Quiles RN, PhD
Assistant Professor
Nursing Department, University of Alicante, Community of Valencia, Alicante, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Aims and objectives
To search for instruments to measure compliance with infection control practices and to report on which dimensions and contents the instruments evaluate, their psychometric characteristics, compliance and factors influencing compliance.
Background
Low compliance with infection control practices has been reported among healthcare professionals around the world over the years. Existing data concerning health professionals' compliance with standard precautions are based on measuring instruments.
Design
Integrative review.
Methods
The descriptors were identified and used separately and in combination to search in the following databases: Lilacs, PubMed (MEDLINE), ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus and CINAHL. The selected articles complied with inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results
Twenty-three studies were analysed, resulting in the identification of 18 instruments. No instrument addressed all compliance topics, and the most commonly addressed topics were the use of personal protective equipment, hand hygiene and safe practices in the handling of cutting material. Most authors explored content validity and some performed reliability analysis by means of Cronbach's alpha and test–retest. Countries in the sample have different human development indices, and countries with medium and low human development indices show less compliance. Some variables were strong predictors of compliance: training, perceptions of safe environment, perception of obstacles to comply with standard precautions and knowledge.
Conclusions
Compliance is below the recommended levels. Health professionals seem to be selective in following standard precautions. Significant influences include institutional management and psychosocial variables, which deserve further study.
Relevance to clinical practice
Health managers and government policies and interventions should pay greater attention to this subject.
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