Factors influencing the switch in the use of antihypertensive medications
Corresponding Author
C.-C. Chou
Department of Family Medicine, 1 Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Public Health, 2 National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Dr Chih-Chieh Chou, Department of Family Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center 325, sec. 2, Cheng Gong Road, Taipei 114, Taiwan, R.O.C. Tel.: +886 2 8792 7120 Fax: +886 2 8792 7057 Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorM.-S. Lee
Department of Family Medicine, 1 Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Public Health, 2 National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Search for more papers by this authorC.-H. Ke
Department of Family Medicine, 1 Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Public Health, 2 National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Search for more papers by this authorM.-H. Chuang
Department of Family Medicine, 1 Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Public Health, 2 National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
C.-C. Chou
Department of Family Medicine, 1 Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Public Health, 2 National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Dr Chih-Chieh Chou, Department of Family Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center 325, sec. 2, Cheng Gong Road, Taipei 114, Taiwan, R.O.C. Tel.: +886 2 8792 7120 Fax: +886 2 8792 7057 Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorM.-S. Lee
Department of Family Medicine, 1 Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Public Health, 2 National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Search for more papers by this authorC.-H. Ke
Department of Family Medicine, 1 Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Public Health, 2 National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Search for more papers by this authorM.-H. Chuang
Department of Family Medicine, 1 Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Public Health, 2 National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Search for more papers by this authorSummary
The present study was undertaken to explore factors associated with observance of prescribed antihypertensive medications. Secondary data analysis utilising ambulatory claims of the Taiwan National Health Insurance involved all initially treated hypertensive patients (n = 565,048) from June 1, 1997 to June 30, 1998. The main outcome measure was the statistical analysis of factors prompting medication switch and dropout rates. The overall continuity rate was 51%. Specific continuity rates were 40% for calcium antagonists, 36% for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, 35% for beta-blockers and 29% for diuretics. Less than 30% of patients changed medications and more than 20% of patients changed clinics. The change increased the likelihood of switching medications sevenfold. Switch was minimal for calcium antagonists. Patients taking calcium antagonists were the least likely to switch medications and had the lowest dropout rate. Changing clinics was the most influential medication switch factor.
References
- 1 Hansson L. ‘Why don’t you do as I tell you?' Compliance and antihypertensive regimens. Int J Clin Pract 2002; 56: 191–6.
- 2 Mettimano M, Pichetti F, Fazzari L et al. Combination therapy with beta-adrenergic blockade and amlodipine as second line treatment in essential hypertension. Int J Clin Pract 2000; 54: 424–8.
- 3 Philipp T, Anlauf M, Distler A et al. Randomised, double blind, multicentre comparison of hydrochlorthiazide, atenolol, nitrendipine, and enalapril in antihypertensive treatment: results of the HANE study. Br Med J 1997; 315: 154–9.
- 4 Gong L, Zwang W, Zhu Y et al. Shanghia trial of nifedipine in the elderly (STONE) study. J Hypertens 1996; 14: 1237–46.
- 5 Guidelines Sub Committee. European Society of Hypertension – European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. J Hypertens 2003; 21: 1011–53.DOI: 10.1097/00004872-200306000-00001
- 6 Frijling BD, Spies TH, Lobo CM et al. Blood pressure control in treated hypertensive patients: clinical performance of general practitioners. Br J General Pract 2001; 51: 9–14.
- 7 Cranney M, Barton S, Walley T. Addressing barriers to change: an RCT of practice-based education to improve the management of hypertension in the elderly. Br J Gen Pract 1999; 49: 522–6.
- 8 Miller NH, Hill M, Kottke T, Ockene IS. The multiple compliance challenge: recommendations for a call to action: a statement for healthcare professionals. Circulation 1997; 95: 1085–90.
- 9 Chou CC, Lee MS, Ke CH, Chiang MS. Prescription patterns of hypertension – National Health Insurance in Taiwan. J Chin Med Assoc 2004; 67: 123–30.
- 10 American Medical Association. Physicians' Current Procedural Terminology Chicago: American Medical Association, 1997.
- 11 Bureau of National Health Insurance. Guidelines of Filing Claims for Health Service Providers. Taipei, Taiwan: Bureau of National Health Insurance, 1995.
- 12 Bureau of National Health Insurance. National Health Insurance. Annual Statistical Report 1998. Taipei, Taiwan: Bureau of National Health Insurance, 1999.
- 13 International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision, Clinical Modification, 6th edn. Los Angeles, USA: Practice Management Information Corporation 2000: 277–80.
- 14 Guidelines Sub-Committee. World Health Organization-International Society of Hypertension guidelines for the management of hypertension. J Hypertens 1999; 17: 151–83.
- 15 The sixth report of the Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157: 2413–46.DOI: 10.1001/archinte.157.21.2413
- 16 Cottrell K. Experts discuss cost-effective treatment of hypertension during world conference in Canada. Can Med Assoc J 1995; 153: 1332–5.
- 17 Bureau of National Health Insurance. Listing medicines of National Health Insurance. Taipei, Taiwan: Bureau of National Health Insurance. http://www.nhi.gov.tw/download/download.htm (accessed on August 1 2002).
- 18 Chou CC, Lee MS. An assessment of the refill of chronic disease prescriptions in a medical center. Chin J Fam Med 1994; 4: 209–18 (in Chinese).
- 19 Guidelines Sub-Committee. Guidelines for the management of mild hypertension: memorandum from a World Health Organization – International Society of Hypertension Meeting. J Hypertens 1993; 11: 905–18.
- 20 Schachter M, Mitchell G, Niziol C et al. Antihypertensive efficacy of moxonidine in primary care: a ‘real-life’ study. Int J Clin Pract 2003; 57: 479–82.
- 21 Larochelle P, Flack MJ, Marbury CT et al. Effects and tolerability of irbesartan versus enalapril in patients with severe hypertension. Am J Cardiol 1997; 80: 1613–5.DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9149(97)00784-4
- 22 McCombs JS, Nichol MB, Newman CM, Sclar DA. The costs of interrupting antihypertensive drug therapy in a Medicaid population. Med Care 1994; 32: 21–6.
- 23 National Intervention Cooperative Study in Elderly Hypertensives Study, Tokyo, Japan. Randomized double-blind comparison of a calcium antagonist and a diuretic in elderly hypertensives. Hypertension 1999; 34: 1129–33.
- 24 Eguchi K, Kario K, Hoshide Y et al. Comparison of valsartan and amlodipine on ambulatory and morning blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Am J Hypertens 2004; 17: 112–7.DOI: 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2003.09.008
- 25 Brown NJ, Vaughan DE. Angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitors. Circulation 1998; 97: 1411–20.
- 26 Chan P, Tomlinson B, Huang TY, Ko JT, Lin TS, Lee YS. Double-blind comparison of losartan, lisinopril, and metolazone in elderly hypertensive patients with previous angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough. J Clin Pharmacol 1997; 37: 253–7.
- 27 Pear R. Drug makers battle plan to curb rewards for doctors. NY Times, December 26, 2002, http://www.globalaging.org/health/us/curb2.htm (accessed on February 10, 2003).
- 28 Freis ED. Improving treatment effectiveness in hypertension. Arch Intern Med 1999; 159: 2517–21.DOI: 10.1001/archinte.159.21.2517
- 29 Graves JW. Management of difficult to control hypertension. Mayo Clin Proc 2000; 75: 278–84.