Emotional distress in haemophilia: Factors associated with the presence of anxiety and depression symptoms among adults
Corresponding Author
P. R. Pinto
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
Patrícia Ribeiro Pinto and Ana Cristina Paredes these authors contributed equally in the authorship and should be listed as co-authorsCorrespondence
Patrícia Ribeiro Pinto, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorA. C. Paredes
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
Patrícia Ribeiro Pinto and Ana Cristina Paredes these authors contributed equally in the authorship and should be listed as co-authorsSearch for more papers by this authorP. Moreira
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
Search for more papers by this authorS. Fernandes
Centre of Hemophilia, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
Search for more papers by this authorM. Lopes
Centre of Hemophilia, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
Search for more papers by this authorM. Carvalho
Centre of Hemophilia, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
Search for more papers by this authorA. Almeida
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
P. R. Pinto
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
Patrícia Ribeiro Pinto and Ana Cristina Paredes these authors contributed equally in the authorship and should be listed as co-authorsCorrespondence
Patrícia Ribeiro Pinto, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorA. C. Paredes
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
Patrícia Ribeiro Pinto and Ana Cristina Paredes these authors contributed equally in the authorship and should be listed as co-authorsSearch for more papers by this authorP. Moreira
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
Search for more papers by this authorS. Fernandes
Centre of Hemophilia, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
Search for more papers by this authorM. Lopes
Centre of Hemophilia, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
Search for more papers by this authorM. Carvalho
Centre of Hemophilia, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
Search for more papers by this authorA. Almeida
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Introduction
Haemophilia is related to several clinical and psychosocial challenges that have been associated with increased emotional distress. These may impact on disease adjustment and health outcomes, reinforcing the attention given to psychosocial health of people with haemophilia (PWH), in the scope of optimal comprehensive care.
Aim
To identify potentially modifiable factors associated with the presence of anxiety and depression symptoms among adult PWH.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional observational study examining socio-demographic, clinical and psychosocial variables among 102 patients with haemophilia A or B who participated on a mail survey of haemophilia in Portugal.
Results
People with haemophilia revealing higher anxiety and depression symptoms were more likely to have had, in the previous year, more urgent hospital visits due to haemophilia, more bleeding episodes, more affected joints and pain, as well as worst levels of perceived functionality and quality of life. After controlling for demographic (age and education) and clinical (haemophilia severity and joint deterioration) variables in multivariate hierarchical logistic regression analyses, professional status (OR = 4.646, P = .004; OR = 3.333, P = .029) and pain interference (OR = 1.397, P = .011; OR = .1.347, P = .037) were significantly associated with both anxiety and depression symptoms. Additionally, physical activity (OR = 0.302, P = .024) and the perception of consequences underlying haemophilia (OR = 1.600, P = .012) also emerged as key factors significantly associated with depression symptoms.
Conclusion
Current findings increased knowledge on factors associated with anxiety and depression among PWH. These highlight potential intervention targets, which are amenable to change through evidence-based tailored interventions aiming to decrease emotional distress, promote well-being and improving haemophilia-related health outcomes among these patients.
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