Hard palate hyperpigmentation secondary to chronic chloroquine therapy: report of five cases
Corresponding Author
Bruno Augusto Benevenuto de Andrade
Oral Pathology Section, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
Bruno Augusto Benevenuto de Andrade
Oral Pathology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Avenue Limeira 901, P.O. Box 52, 13414-903, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
Tel: +5519 21065315
Fax: +5519 21065218
e-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorFelipe Paiva Fonseca
Oral Pathology Section, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorFábio Ramôa Pires
Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorAna Terezinha Marques Mesquita
Department of Dentistry, College of Basic Sciences and Health, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorSaulo Gabriel Moreira Falci
Department of Dentistry, College of Basic Sciences and Health, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorAlan Roger dos Santos Silva
Oral Pathology Section, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorPablo Agustin Vargas
Oral Pathology Section, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJacks Jorge
Oral Pathology Section, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorOslei Paes de Almeida
Oral Pathology Section, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Bruno Augusto Benevenuto de Andrade
Oral Pathology Section, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
Bruno Augusto Benevenuto de Andrade
Oral Pathology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Avenue Limeira 901, P.O. Box 52, 13414-903, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
Tel: +5519 21065315
Fax: +5519 21065218
e-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorFelipe Paiva Fonseca
Oral Pathology Section, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorFábio Ramôa Pires
Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorAna Terezinha Marques Mesquita
Department of Dentistry, College of Basic Sciences and Health, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorSaulo Gabriel Moreira Falci
Department of Dentistry, College of Basic Sciences and Health, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorAlan Roger dos Santos Silva
Oral Pathology Section, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorPablo Agustin Vargas
Oral Pathology Section, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJacks Jorge
Oral Pathology Section, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorOslei Paes de Almeida
Oral Pathology Section, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Antimalarials are commonly prescribed in medical practice for conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, as well as malaria. They are generally well-tolerated, but side effects, although infrequent, are well known. The antimalarial chloroquine diphosphate may be associated with a bluish-gray to black hyperpigmentation of the oral mucosa, mainly on the hard palate. In this report we described five additional cases of palate hyperpigmentation related to the chronic use of chloroquine diphosphate. Professionals must be aware of the adverse effects of antimalarials as chloroquine diphosphate in order to make the correct diagnosis and appropriate management of the patient. Early diagnosis of oral pigmentation by antimalarials may be of great relevance, because it might be an early sign of ocular involvement, and therefore it may be helpful to prevent further complications of antimalarial therapy for the patient.
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