In Vivo and In Vitro Studies of Epithelial Cell Behavior around Titanium Implants with Machined and Rough Surfaces
Corresponding Author
Ikiru Atsuta DDS, PhD
Assistant professor
Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA
Reprint requests: Dr. Ikiru Atsuta, Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorYasunori Ayukawa DDS, PhD
assistant professor
Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorAkihiro Furuhashi DDS, PhD
clinical fellow
Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorYoichiro Ogino DDS, PhD
assistant professor
Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorYasuko Moriyama DDS, PhD
assistant professor
Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorYoshihiro Tsukiyama DDS, PhD
associate professor
Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorKiyoshi Koyano DDS, PhD
professor
Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Ikiru Atsuta DDS, PhD
Assistant professor
Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA
Reprint requests: Dr. Ikiru Atsuta, Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorYasunori Ayukawa DDS, PhD
assistant professor
Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorAkihiro Furuhashi DDS, PhD
clinical fellow
Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorYoichiro Ogino DDS, PhD
assistant professor
Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorYasuko Moriyama DDS, PhD
assistant professor
Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorYoshihiro Tsukiyama DDS, PhD
associate professor
Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorKiyoshi Koyano DDS, PhD
professor
Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Background
The surface roughness of a dental implant affects the epithelial wound healing process and may significantly enhance implant prognosis.
Purpose
We explored the influence of surface roughness on peri-implant epithelium (PIE) sealing and down-growth by comparing machine-surfaced (Ms) and rough-surfaced (Rs) implants.
Materials and Methods
(1) Maxillary first molars were extracted from rats and replaced with Ms or Rs implants. (2) We also compared changes in the morphology of cultured rat oral epithelial cells (OECs) grown on Ms or Rs titanium (Ti) plates.
Results
(1) After 4 weeks, the PIE around Ms and Rs implants showed a similar structure to junctional epithelium (JE). At 16 weeks, Rs implants appeared to form a weak epithelial seal at the tissue-implant interface and exhibited markedly less PIE down-growth than Ms implants but was deeper than that observed in natural teeth. (2) We observed less expression of adhesion proteins in OECs cultured on Rs plates than in cells grown on Ms plates. Additionally, cell adherence, migration, and proliferation on Rs plates were lower, whereas apoptosis was reduced on Ms plates.
Conclusion
Ms implants are a better choice for integration with an epithelial wound healing process.
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