Effect of indomethacin on closure of ductus arteriosus in very-low-birthweight neonates ¹

Aim: To identify factors related to indomethacin non-responsiveness for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure in very-low-birthweight (VLBW) neonates. Methods: A chart review of 107 VLBW neonates with a clinical diagnosis of PDA who received indomethacin, admitted to a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit in Toronto, Canada, was conducted (study period November 2001 to October 2003). Positive responders were those with no clinical evidence of PDA for 72 h after indomethacin. Results: Response to the first course of indomethacin was 75%, and to the second course 67% among initial responders. Higher CRIB score (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.02–1.31) and early surfactant administration (OR 3.74, 95% CI 1.04–13.47) were associated with non-responsiveness to indomethacin.

Conclusion: Indomethacin is effective for PDA closure. The response rate diminished with subsequent courses. Early surfactant and severity of illness at admission were associated with non-responsiveness to indomethacin.