Differential induction of cellular responses by live and dead Leishmania promastigotes in healthy donors
S. Nylén
Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institutet and Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden,
Search for more papers by this authorU. Mörtberg
Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institutet and Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden,
Search for more papers by this authorD. Kovalenko
Isaev Institute of Medical Parasitology, Samarkand, Uzbekistan,
Search for more papers by this authorI. Satti
Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institutet and Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden,
Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan,
Search for more papers by this authorK. Engström
Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institutet and Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden,
Search for more papers by this authorM. Bakhiet
Division of Infectious Disease, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorH. Akuffo
Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institutet and Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden,
Search for more papers by this authorS. Nylén
Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institutet and Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden,
Search for more papers by this authorU. Mörtberg
Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institutet and Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden,
Search for more papers by this authorD. Kovalenko
Isaev Institute of Medical Parasitology, Samarkand, Uzbekistan,
Search for more papers by this authorI. Satti
Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institutet and Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden,
Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan,
Search for more papers by this authorK. Engström
Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institutet and Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden,
Search for more papers by this authorM. Bakhiet
Division of Infectious Disease, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorH. Akuffo
Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institutet and Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden,
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The most effective protection against human leishmaniasis has been achieved following vaccination with live promastigotes. Killed promastigotes + BCG can protect, albeit to a lower degree. To explore what mechanisms may be involved in these differences, the ability of live and dead promastigotes to induce immune responses were evaluated in vitro. The data showed that live and dead promastigotes differ in their ability to induce proliferation and cytokine production. Cytokine gene expression of Th1 related cytokines (IL-12, IFNγ and TNFα) in adult PBMC was more evident to live than to heat killed promastigotes. This was coupled with significantly higher number of IFNγ secreting cells induced by live than killed promastigotes. However, α-IL-12 antibodies did not block the IFNγ response induced by live promastigotes. Proliferative responses were variable. In contrast to adult PBMC no IFNγ secreting MNC could be detected in cord blood. However, in these cells the live promastigotes consistently induced higher proliferative response compared to dead. Implications of these findings are discussed.
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