Original Article
Modulation of antitumour immune responses by intratumoural Stat1 expression
Nicole L Messina,
Kellie M Banks,
Eva Vidacs,
Ben P Martin,
Fennella Long,
Ailsa J Christiansen,
Mark J Smyth,
Christopher J P Clarke,
Ricky W Johnstone,
Nicole L Messina
Cancer Therapeutics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Deptartment of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorKellie M Banks
Cancer Therapeutics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorEva Vidacs
Cancer Therapeutics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorBen P Martin
Cancer Therapeutics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorFennella Long
Cancer Therapeutics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorAilsa J Christiansen
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETHZ), Zurich, Switzerland
Search for more papers by this authorMark J Smyth
Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorChristopher J P Clarke
Cancer Therapeutics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Deptartment of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
Equal senior authors.
Search for more papers by this authorRicky W Johnstone
Cancer Therapeutics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
Equal senior authors.
Search for more papers by this authorNicole L Messina,
Kellie M Banks,
Eva Vidacs,
Ben P Martin,
Fennella Long,
Ailsa J Christiansen,
Mark J Smyth,
Christopher J P Clarke,
Ricky W Johnstone,
Nicole L Messina
Cancer Therapeutics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Deptartment of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorKellie M Banks
Cancer Therapeutics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorEva Vidacs
Cancer Therapeutics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorBen P Martin
Cancer Therapeutics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorFennella Long
Cancer Therapeutics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorAilsa J Christiansen
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETHZ), Zurich, Switzerland
Search for more papers by this authorMark J Smyth
Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorChristopher J P Clarke
Cancer Therapeutics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Deptartment of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
Equal senior authors.
Search for more papers by this authorRicky W Johnstone
Cancer Therapeutics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
Equal senior authors.
Search for more papers by this authorProfessor RW Johnstone, Cancer Therapeutics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (Stat1) mediates anti-viral responses and cytokine-driven anti-proliferative, apoptotic and immunomodulatory activities. As de-regulated Stat1 function can affect tumour progression we sought to elucidate the effects of tumour cell-intrinsic Stat1 expression on immunosurveillance. Knockout of Stat1 enhanced the development of sarcomas induced by the chemical carcinogen 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA). Growth of transplanted MCA-induced Stat1−/− sarcomas was suppressed in wild-type mice compared to growth in Stat1−/− and immunocompromised recipients. Co-depletion of NK and CD8+ T cells from wild-type mice facilitated Stat1-deficient tumour growth whereas depletion of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells did not. In vitro and in vivo analysis of the tumours implicated a role for NK cell-mediated, perforin-dependent killing of Stat1-deficient tumours. Interestingly, restoration of Stat1 expression in Stat1−/− tumours resulted in diminished involvement of NK cells and increased contribution of CD8+ T cells in anti-tumour responses. Therefore, Stat1 expression within tumour cells modulated anti-tumour immune responses by altering the dominant immune effector cell involvement from NK cells to CD8+ T cells in the absence or presence of Stat1 respectively.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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