EIT 40-Electrodes Breast Cancer Detection and Screening
Corresponding Author
Sofiene Mansouri
Non-member
Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
University of Tunis El Manar, Laboratory of Biophysics and Medical Technologies, Higher Institute of Medical Technologies of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
Correspondence to: Sofiene Mansouri. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorSouhir Chabchoub
Non-member
University of Tunis El Manar, Laboratory of Biophysics and Medical Technologies, Higher Institute of Medical Technologies of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
Search for more papers by this authorYousef Alharbi
Non-member
Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorAnwar Alshrouf
Non-member
Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Sofiene Mansouri
Non-member
Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
University of Tunis El Manar, Laboratory of Biophysics and Medical Technologies, Higher Institute of Medical Technologies of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
Correspondence to: Sofiene Mansouri. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorSouhir Chabchoub
Non-member
University of Tunis El Manar, Laboratory of Biophysics and Medical Technologies, Higher Institute of Medical Technologies of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
Search for more papers by this authorYousef Alharbi
Non-member
Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorAnwar Alshrouf
Non-member
Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
In this paper, we presented a new electrical impedance tomography (EIT) method for the early detection of breast cancer. We designed a breast phantom comprising three tumors of different sizes. We tested the reconstruction of the image of this breast using 16, 24, 32 and 40 electrodes. The electrodes were placed according to a static, adapted and dynamic mode. The quality of the reconstruction was carried out by the root mean square error (RMSE). The best result was obtained with 40-electrodes system and dynamic mode. The image reconstruction was improved by a segmentation, an edge detection by Canny filter and a morphological closure filter. This system allowed the detection of a T1 tumor. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.
References
- 1Takkar N, Kochhar S, Garg P, Pandey AK, Dalal U, Handa U. Screening methods (clinical breast examination and mammography) to detect breast cancer in women aged 40–49 years. Journal of Mid-Life Health 2017; 8: 2–10. https://doi.org/10.4103/jmh.JMH_26_16.
- 2Haemmerich D, Staelin ST, Tsai JZ, Tungjitkusolmun S, Mahvi DM, Webster JG. In vivo electrical conductivity of hepatic tumours. Physiological Measurement 2003; 24(2): 251–260. https://doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/24/2/302.
- 3Barber DC, Brown BH. Recent developments in applied potential tomography-APT. In Information Processing in Medical Imaging. Springer: Netherlands; 1986; 106–121.
- 4McCann H, Pisano G, Beltrachini L. Variation in reported human head tissue electrical conductivity values. Brain Topography 2019; 32(5): 825–858. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-019-00710-2.
- 5Morimoto T, Kimura S, Konishi Y, Komaki K, Uyama T, Monden Y, Kinouchi DY, Iritani DT. A study of the electrical bio-impedance of tumors. Journal of Investigative Surgery 1993; 6(1): 25–32. https://doi.org/10.3109/08941939309141189.
- 6Bernard L. Caractérisation électrique des tissus biologiques et calcul des phénomènes induits dans le corps humain par des champs électromagnétiques de fréquence inférieure au GHz. Universidade federal de Minas Gerais: Ecole Centrale de Lyon; 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00179791v3 Accessed July 05, 2021.
- 7 Gervais J. Système de tomographie d'impédance électrique modulaire et reconfigurable réalisé à l'aide d'un fpga. Polytechnique Montréal 2013; 8–10.
- 8Putensen C, Hentze B, Muenster S, Muders T. Electrical impedance tomography for cardio-pulmonary monitoring. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2019; 8(8): 1176. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8081176.
- 9Brown BH. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT): A review. Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology 2003; 27(3): 97–108. https://doi.org/10.1080/0309190021000059687.
- 10 B. DC. Electrical impedance tomography. In The Biomedical Engineering Handbook. JD Bronzino (ed). 2nd ed. New York, NY: CRC Press LLC; 2000.
- 11Jing L, Liu S, Zhihong L, Meng S. An image reconstruction algorithm based on the extended Tikhonov regularization method for electrical capacitance tomography. Journal of the International Measurement Confederation 2009; 42(3): 368–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2008.07.003.
- 12Teschner E, Imhoff M, Leonhardt S. Electrical Impedance Tomography: The Realisation of Regional Ventilation Monitoring. Drägerwerk AG & Co: KGaA; 2015.
- 13 Martin S, Choi CTM. Nonlinear electrical impedance tomography reconstruction using artificial neural networks and particle swarm optimization. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 2016; 52(3): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2015.2488901.
- 14 Bera TK, Nagaraju J. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT): a harmless medical imaging modality. In Medical Imaging: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications. Hershey, PA: IGI Global; 2016; 71–115.
- 15Hamilton SJ, Lionheart WRB, Adler A. Comparing D-bar and common regularization-based methods for electrical impedance tomography. Physiological Measurement 2019; 40(4):44004. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6579/ab14aa.
- 16Fan Y, Ying L. Solving electrical impedance tomography with deep learning. Journal of Computational Physics 2020; 404:109119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2019.109119.
- 17Hannan S, Faulkner M, Aristovich K, Avery J, Walker MC, Holder DS. In vivo imaging of deep neural activity from the cortical surface during hippocampal epileptiform events in the rat brain using electrical impedance tomography. NeuroImage 2020; 209:116525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116525.
- 18Shi X, Li W, You F, Huo X, Xu C, Ji Z, Liu R, Liu B, Li Y, Fu F, Dong X. High-precision electrical impedance tomography data acquisition system for brain imaging. IEEE Sensors Journal 2018; 18(14): 5974–5984. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2018.2836336.
- 19 Mellenthin MM et al. The ACE1 electrical impedance tomography system for thoracic imaging. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 2018; 68(9): 3137–3150. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2018.2874127.
- 20 Zhao Z, Fu F, Frerichs I. Thoracic electrical impedance tomography in Chinese hospitals: A review of clinical research and daily applications. Physiological Measurement 2020; 41(4): 04TR01. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6579/ab81df.
- 21Gow CH, Chang MY, Zhao Z, Möller K. Patient-ventilator asynchrony identified with electrical impedance tomography. IFAC-PapersOnLine 2018; 51(27): 52–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.11.607.
10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.11.607 Google Scholar
- 22Mansouri S. Determination of cardiac output by peripheral electrical bioimpedance. IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering 2020; 15(9): 1321–1326. https://doi.org/10.1002/tee.23199.
- 23Grondin J, Wang D, Grubb CS, Trayanova N, Konofagou EE. 4D cardiac electromechanical activation imaging. Computers in Biology and Medicine 2019; 113:103382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2019.103382.
- 24Mansouri S, Alhadidi T, Ben Azouz M. Breast cancer detection using low-frequency bioimpedance device. Breast Cancer Targets Therapy 2020; 12: 109–116. https://doi.org/10.2147/BCTT.S274421.
- 25Hong S, Lee K, Ha U, Kim H, Lee Y, Kim Y, Yoo HJ. A 4.9 mΩ-sensitivity mobile electrical impedance tomography IC for early breast-cancer detection system. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 2015; 50(1): 245–257. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSSC.2014.2355835.
- 26Hannan S, Faulkner M, Aristovich K, Avery J, Walker M, Holder D. Imaging fast electrical activity in the brain during ictal epileptiform discharges with electrical impedance tomography. NeuroImage: Clinical 2018; 20: 674–684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2018.09.004.
- 27 Breast Cancer Stages: 0 Through IV. https://www.breastcancer.org/symptoms/diagnosis/staging. Accessed October 26, 2021.
- 28Sohn VY, Arthurs ZM, Sebesta JA, Brown TA. Primary tumor location impacts breast cancer survival. American Journal of Surgery 2008; 195(5): 641–644. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AMJSURG.2007.12.039.