RESEARCH ARTICLE
Morphology and molecules revealed a remarkable new genus of Lamiaceae, a surprising discovery in south-eastern Europe
Boštjan Surina,
Snežana Vuksanović,
Snežana Dragićević,
Peter Glasnović,
Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev,
Manica Balant,
Ivan Radosavljević,
Chun-Lei Xiang,
Bo Li,
Corresponding Author
Boštjan Surina
Natural History Museum Rijeka, Lorenzov prolaz 1, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška 8, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
Addresses for correspondence: Boštjan Surina, [email protected]; Bo Li, [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorSnežana Vuksanović
Natural History Museum of Montenegro, Trg Vojvode Bećir-bega Osmanagića 16, 81110 Podgorica, Montenegro
Search for more papers by this authorSnežana Dragićević
Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts, Rista Stijovića 5, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
Search for more papers by this authorPeter Glasnović
Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška 8, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
Search for more papers by this authorSonja Siljak-Yakovlev
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Search for more papers by this authorManica Balant
Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-CMCNB), Passeig del Migdia sn, 08038 Barcelona, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorIvan Radosavljević
Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev Trg 9A, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Search for more papers by this authorChun-Lei Xiang
Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Bo Li
Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303 China
Addresses for correspondence: Boštjan Surina, [email protected]; Bo Li, [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorBoštjan Surina,
Snežana Vuksanović,
Snežana Dragićević,
Peter Glasnović,
Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev,
Manica Balant,
Ivan Radosavljević,
Chun-Lei Xiang,
Bo Li,
Corresponding Author
Boštjan Surina
Natural History Museum Rijeka, Lorenzov prolaz 1, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška 8, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
Addresses for correspondence: Boštjan Surina, [email protected]; Bo Li, [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorSnežana Vuksanović
Natural History Museum of Montenegro, Trg Vojvode Bećir-bega Osmanagića 16, 81110 Podgorica, Montenegro
Search for more papers by this authorSnežana Dragićević
Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts, Rista Stijovića 5, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
Search for more papers by this authorPeter Glasnović
Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška 8, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
Search for more papers by this authorSonja Siljak-Yakovlev
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Search for more papers by this authorManica Balant
Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-CMCNB), Passeig del Migdia sn, 08038 Barcelona, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorIvan Radosavljević
Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev Trg 9A, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Search for more papers by this authorChun-Lei Xiang
Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Bo Li
Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303 China
Addresses for correspondence: Boštjan Surina, [email protected]; Bo Li, [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorFirst published: 18 February 2025
Associate Editor: Gulzar Khan
Abstract
Petrolamium crnojevicii gen. & sp. nov., a new distinct and remarkable monotypic genus of Lamiaceae, was discovered in the Dinaric karst of southern Montenegro. This taxon exhibits a unique combination of morphological traits, including eglandular, mostly glabrous reniform leaves with 5–7 lobes and prominent hydatodes at their tips. Its small pedicellate flowers feature included anthers and styles within the corolla tube, a straight, narrow, and emarginate to bifurcate posterior corolla lip, and an anterior lip with entire, broadly elliptic-oblong lateral lobes. The trigonous mericarps have a truncated apex and bear fatty tissue. Notably, Petrolamium has a unique chromosome number of 2n = 32. A molecular phylogenetic analysis, based on 79 plastid protein-coding genes and 5 chloroplast markers placed Petrolamium in the subfamily Lamioideae, where it forms a distinct lineage, sister to the other members of the tribe Lamieae. Petrolamium is also unique from an ecological point of view, as it exclusively inhabits floristically depauperate calcareous rock crevices in a very restricted distribution range. This makes P. crnojevicii a critically endangered species according to IUCN criteria and emphasizes the need for immediate conservation efforts. This study highlights the importance of ongoing floristic exploration, demonstrating that even in regions long considered botanically well-known, important discoveries can still emerge, including within extensively investigated plant families like the Lamiaceae.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| tax13313-sup-0001-AppendixS1.fastaapplication/fasta, 6.4 MB | Appendix S1: Alignment of the CP79 Lamiaceae dataset. |
| tax13313-sup-0002-AppendixS2.fasapplication/fas, 137.9 KB | Appendix S2: Alignment of the CP5 Lamioideae matK dataset. |
| tax13313-sup-0003-AppendixS3.fasapplication/fas, 243.1 KB | Appendix S3: Alignment of the CP5 Lamioideae ndhF dataset. |
| tax13313-sup-0004-AppendixS4.fasapplication/fas, 164.4 KB | Appendix S4: Alignment of the CP5 Lamioideae rbcL dataset. |
| tax13313-sup-0005-AppendixS5.fasapplication/fas, 113.5 KB | Appendix S5: Alignment of the CP5 Lamioideae rps16 dataset. |
| tax13313-sup-0006-AppendixS6.fasapplication/fas, 119 KB | Appendix S6: Alignment of the CP5 Lamioideae trnL-F dataset. |
| tax13313-sup-0007-TableS1.xlsxExcel 2007 spreadsheet , 39.2 KB | Table S1: Taxa, vouchers, references, localities and GenBank accession numbers, for taxa used in this study. If accession numbers of some sequences are not available from GenBank, then the source publications were listed. Regions not sampled are indicated by an en-dash (–). |
| tax13313-sup-0008-TableS2.xlsxExcel 2007 spreadsheet , 16.3 KB | Table S2: Vegetative and reproductive characters of Petrolamium crnojevicii (Lamiaceae). Morphometric data. |
| tax13313-sup-0009-TableS3.xlsxExcel 2007 spreadsheet , 27.1 KB | Table S3: Phytosociology of Petrolamium crnojevicii (Lamiaceae). Coverage values according to Domin scale. |
| tax13313-sup-0010-FigureS1.pdfPDF document, 2.6 MB | Fig. S1: Vegetative and reproductive characters of Petrolamium crnojevicii (Lamieae). Measurement scheme of selected characters. |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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