Volume 297, Issue 9 pp. 3288-3312
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

On coupled semilinear evolution systems: Techniques on fractional powers of 4 × 4 $4\times 4$ matrices and applications

Maykel B. Belluzi

Maykel B. Belluzi

Universidade de São Paulo, ICMC, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil

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Flank D. M. Bezerra

Corresponding Author

Flank D. M. Bezerra

Departamento de Matemática, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

Correspondence

Flank D. M. Bezerra, Departamento de Matemática, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa PB, Brazil.

Email: [email protected]

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Marcelo J. D. Nascimento

Marcelo J. D. Nascimento

Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Matemática, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil

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First published: 16 June 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we provide several techniques to explicitly calculate fractional powers of 2 × 2 $2\times 2$ operator matrices

Λ = Λ 11 Λ 12 Λ 21 Λ 22 , $$\begin{equation*}\hspace*{10pc} \Lambda = \def\eqcellsep{&}\begin{bmatrix} \Lambda _{11} & \Lambda _{12} \\ \Lambda _{21} & \Lambda _{22} \end{bmatrix}, \end{equation*}$$
focusing on creating a theory that can be applied to distinct situations. To illustrate the abstract results developed, we consider its application in systems of coupled reaction–diffusion equations and in (strongly damped) wave equations. We also discuss how these techniques can be applied to higher order matrices and we specifically calculate the fractional powers of a 4 × 4 $4\times 4$ operator matrix associated to a weakly coupled system of wave equation. In addition, we deal with the applicability of this analysis with respect to solvability, stabilization, regularity, smooth dynamics, and connection with evolutionary classic equation and its fractional counterpart.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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