Evaluation of soluble co-inhibitors and co-stimulators levels of the immune response in gastric cancer
Luciana Mata da Silva MD
Translational Research Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, Brazil
Research Department, Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
Department of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorMário Rino Martins MD, PhD
Translational Research Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, Brazil
Research Department, Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
Department of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorRogerio Luiz dos Santos MD, PhD
Translational Research Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, Brazil
Research Department, Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJeronimo Paulo Assis Da Silva MD
Translational Research Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, Brazil
Research Department, Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
Department of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCecilia Araujo Carneiro Lima MD
Translational Research Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, Brazil
Research Department, Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
Department of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorNora Manoukian Forones MD, PhD
Department of Digestive Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Leuridan Cavalcante Torres PhD
Translational Research Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, Brazil
Research Department, Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
Department of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
Correspondence Leuridan Cavalcante Torres, PhD, Translational Research Laboratory Prof. C. A. Hart, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), P.O. Box 1393, Rua dos Coelhos, 300, Recife PE 50070-550 Brazil.
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorLuciana Mata da Silva MD
Translational Research Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, Brazil
Research Department, Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
Department of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorMário Rino Martins MD, PhD
Translational Research Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, Brazil
Research Department, Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
Department of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorRogerio Luiz dos Santos MD, PhD
Translational Research Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, Brazil
Research Department, Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJeronimo Paulo Assis Da Silva MD
Translational Research Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, Brazil
Research Department, Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
Department of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCecilia Araujo Carneiro Lima MD
Translational Research Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, Brazil
Research Department, Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
Department of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorNora Manoukian Forones MD, PhD
Department of Digestive Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Leuridan Cavalcante Torres PhD
Translational Research Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, Brazil
Research Department, Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
Department of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
Correspondence Leuridan Cavalcante Torres, PhD, Translational Research Laboratory Prof. C. A. Hart, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), P.O. Box 1393, Rua dos Coelhos, 300, Recife PE 50070-550 Brazil.
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Background
Co-inhibitor and co-stimulator mediators trigger actions that result in immunological homeostasis and are being evaluated as potential therapeutic targets in gastric cancer (GC).
Objective
To evaluate the soluble levels of sPD-1, sPD-L1, sPD-L2, sTIM-3, sGal9, sGITR, and sGITRL in GC patients.
Methods
The cross-sectional study was carried out at the Hospital de Cancer de Pernambuco, Brazil between 2017 and 2018. A total of 74 GC patients and 30 healthy controls were included.
Results
Low levels of sPD1 (p = 0.0179), sPDL2 (p = 0.0003), and sGal9 (p < 0.0001), and higher levels of sPDL1 (p = 0.004), sTIM-3 (p = 0.0072), sGITR (p = 0.0179), and sGITRL (p = 0.0055) compared to the control group. High sPD-1, sTIM-3, and sGal9 levels in stage IV compared I/II and III (p < 0.05). High sPDL1, sGal9, and sGITRL levels in esophagogastric junction compared to body and Pylorus/Antrum groups (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in sPD1, sPDL1, sPDL2, sTIM3, sGal9, sGITR, and sGITRL levels between the intestinal, diffuse, and mixed GC groups. Low sGITR levels in GC patients who died within the first 24 months compared to the who survived (p = 0.0332).
Conclusions
There is an association of sPD1, sTIM-3, and sGal9 with disease progression and sGITR with death, these mediators may be potential prognostic biomarkers in GC.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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