REVIEW
An update on maternal cardiac hemodynamics in fetal growth restriction and pre-eclampsia
Andrea Dall'Asta MD, PhD,
Monica Minopoli MD,
Ruben Ramirez Zegarra MD,
Elvira Di Pasquo MD,
Tullio Ghi MD, PhD,
Corresponding Author
Andrea Dall'Asta MD, PhD
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
Correspondence
Andrea Dall'Asta MD, PhD, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMonica Minopoli MD
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorRuben Ramirez Zegarra MD
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorElvira Di Pasquo MD
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorTullio Ghi MD, PhD
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAndrea Dall'Asta MD, PhD,
Monica Minopoli MD,
Ruben Ramirez Zegarra MD,
Elvira Di Pasquo MD,
Tullio Ghi MD, PhD,
Corresponding Author
Andrea Dall'Asta MD, PhD
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
Correspondence
Andrea Dall'Asta MD, PhD, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMonica Minopoli MD
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorRuben Ramirez Zegarra MD
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorElvira Di Pasquo MD
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorTullio Ghi MD, PhD
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction (FGR) have been long related to primary placental dysfunction, caused by abnormal trophoblast invasion. Nevertheless, emerging evidence has led to a new hypothesis for the origin of pre-eclampsia and FGR. Suboptimal maternal cardiovascular adaptation has been shown to result in uteroplacental hypoperfusion, ultimately leading to placental hypoxic damage with secondary dysfunction. In this review, we summarize current evidence on maternal cardiac hemodynamics in FGR and pre-eclampsia. We also discuss the different approaches for antihypertensive treatment according to the hemodynamic phenotype observed in pre-eclampsia and FGR.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors state no financial disclosures nor conflict of interest related to the content of this work.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Data availability not applicable as no new data were created or analysed in this study.
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