A population-based study of testicular cancer risk among children and young adults from Norway and Utah, USA
Corresponding Author
Ruby Del Risco Kollerud
Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
The National Centre for Occupational Rehabilitation in Norway, Rauland, Norway
Correspondence to: Ruby Del Risco Kollerud, E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorHege S. Haugnes
Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
Institute of Clinical Medicine, UIT-The Arctic University, Tromsø, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorBjørgulf Claussen
Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorMagne Thoresen
Department of Biostatistics, Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorPer Nafstad
Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorJames M. Farnham
Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Search for more papers by this authorØyvind Næss
Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorLisa A. Cannon-Albright
Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Ruby Del Risco Kollerud
Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
The National Centre for Occupational Rehabilitation in Norway, Rauland, Norway
Correspondence to: Ruby Del Risco Kollerud, E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorHege S. Haugnes
Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
Institute of Clinical Medicine, UIT-The Arctic University, Tromsø, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorBjørgulf Claussen
Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorMagne Thoresen
Department of Biostatistics, Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorPer Nafstad
Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorJames M. Farnham
Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Search for more papers by this authorØyvind Næss
Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorLisa A. Cannon-Albright
Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Similar family-based cancer and genealogy data from Norway and Utah allowed comparisons of the incidence of testicular cancer (TC), and exploration of the role of Scandinavian ancestry and family history of TC in TC risk. Our study utilizes data from the Utah Population Database and Norwegian Population Registers. All males born during 1951–2015 were followed for TC until the age of 29 years. A total of 1,974,287 and 832,836 males were born in Norway and Utah, respectively, of whom 2,686 individuals were diagnosed with TC in Norway and 531 in Utah. The incidence per year of TC in Norway (10.6) was twice that observed in Utah (5.1) for males born in the last period (1980–1984). The incidence rates of TC in Utah did not differ according to the presence or absence of Scandinavian ancestry (p = 0.669). Having a brother diagnosed with TC was a strong risk factor for TC among children born in Norway and Utah, with HR = 9.87 (95% CI 5.68–17.16) and 6.02 (95% CI 4.80–7.55), respectively; with even higher HR observed among the subset of children in Utah with Scandinavian ancestry (HR = 12.30, 95% CI 6.78–22.31). A clear difference in TC incidence among individuals born in Norway and descendants of Scandinavian people born in Utah was observed. These differences in TC rates point to the possibility of environmental influence. Family history of TC is a strong risk factor for developing TC in both populations.
Abstract
What's new?
The incidence of testicular cancer (TC) has increased substantially in many countries, with the highest incidence found in Denmark and Norway. The reasons remain unknown, however. This population-based study found a clear difference in TC incidence among individuals born in Norway and descendants of Scandinavian people born in Utah. Norwegian males born between 1980 and 1984 had twice the TC incidence found in Utah in the same period. These differences in TC rates point to the possibility of environmental influences and/or lifestyle factors. A family history of TC was a strong risk factor for developing testicular cancer in both populations.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| ijc32949-sup-0001-AppendixS1.pdfPDF document, 61 KB | Data S1. Type cancer and codes (morphology and topography) included in the analysis multiple testing correction Data S2. Scandinavian ancestry |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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