The potential of the Lempel–Ziv complexity of the EEG in diagnosing cognitive impairment in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy
Zhe Ren
Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorMengyan Yue
Department of Rehabilitation, The first Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Xiong Han
Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Correspondence
Xiong Han, Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorZongya Zhao
School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorBin Wang
Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorYang Hong
Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorTing Zhao
Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorNa Wang
Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorPan Zhao
Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorYingxing Hong
Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorQi Wang
Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorYibo Zhao
Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorZhe Ren
Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorMengyan Yue
Department of Rehabilitation, The first Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Xiong Han
Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Correspondence
Xiong Han, Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorZongya Zhao
School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorBin Wang
Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorYang Hong
Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorTing Zhao
Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorNa Wang
Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorPan Zhao
Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorYingxing Hong
Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorQi Wang
Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorYibo Zhao
Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
Search for more papers by this authorMengyan Yue contributed equally to the article.
Abstract
Aim
To analyze whether the Lempel–Ziv Complexity (LZC) in quantitative electroencephalogram differs between the temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients with or without cognitive impairment (CI) and explore the diagnostic value of LZC for identifying CI in TLE patients.
Methods
Twenty-two clinical features and 20-min EEG recordings were collected from 48 TLE patients with CI and 27 cognitively normal (CON) TLE patients. Seventy-six LZC features were calculated for 19 leads in four frequency bands (alpha, beta, delta, and theta). The clinical and LZC features were compared between the two groups. A support vector machine (SVM) was subsequently constructed using the leave-one-out method of cross-validation for LZC features with statistical differences.
Results
Regarding the clinical features, the level of education (p < .001), hippocampal atrophy and sclerosis (p = .029), and depression (p = .037) were statistically different between the two groups. For the LZC features, there were statistically significant differences in the alpha (Fp1, Fz, Cz, Pz, C3, C4, T3, T4, T5, T6, F3, F4, F7, F8, O1, and O2), beta (Fp2), and theta (F7) oscillations. The mean LZC in the alpha band was higher in the TLE-CI group than that in the CON group, and there were no differences in the remaining bands. The SVM model showed 74.51% accuracy, 79.63% sensitivity, 84.30% F1 score, 68.75% specificity, and .85 area under the curve scores.
Conclusions
The LZC in the alpha band might have the potential to be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of TLE combined with CI. The TLE-CI group, on the other hand, exhibited a higher degree of complexity in alpha oscillations, which were widespread and occurred in all brain regions.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT
The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. All coauthors have seen and agreed with the contents of the article and there is no financial interest to report.
Supporting Information
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| epd220044-sup-0001-Educational_Slides.pptxPowerPoint 2007 presentation , 44.2 KB |
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| epd20044-sup-0002-DataS2.docxWord 2007 document , 205.3 KB |
Data S2. |
| epd220044-sup-0003-Test_Yourself_Answers.docxWord 2007 document , 12.7 KB |
Appendix S1. |
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