ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and disordered eating in the English general population
Louis Jacob PhD,
Josep Maria Haro MD-PhD,
Ai Koyanagi MD-PhD,
Corresponding Author
Louis Jacob PhD
Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris 5, Paris, France
Correspondence
Louis Jacob, Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris 5, 15 rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorJosep Maria Haro MD-PhD
Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorAi Koyanagi MD-PhD
Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorLouis Jacob PhD,
Josep Maria Haro MD-PhD,
Ai Koyanagi MD-PhD,
Corresponding Author
Louis Jacob PhD
Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris 5, Paris, France
Correspondence
Louis Jacob, Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris 5, 15 rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorJosep Maria Haro MD-PhD
Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorAi Koyanagi MD-PhD
Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorFunding information: European Regional Development Fund (ERDF-FEDER); Instituto de Salud Carlos III - General Branch Evaluation and Promotion of Health Research, National R + D + I; Miguel Servet contract, Grant/Award Number: PI15/00862, CP13/00150
Abstract
Objective
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and eating problems often coexist, but many of the previous studies have not taken into account key variables which may be important in this association. Thus, the goal of this study was to assess the association between ADHD symptoms and disordered eating, while taking into account of a variety of factors.
Method
This study used cross-sectional, nationally representative data from 7,403 people aged ≥16 years from England who participated in the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (APMS). ADHD symptoms were assessed with the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) Screener. Questions from the five-item SCOFF screening instrument were used to identify possible ED. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted.
Results
The prevalence of possible eating disorder (ED) was much higher among those with ADHD symptoms (ASRS score ≥14) compared to those without ADHD symptoms (19.2 vs. 5.7%). ADHD symptoms were associated with possible ED (odds ratio [OR] = 3.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.56–4.72) after adjustment for age, sex, and ethnicity. After further adjustment for alcohol dependence, drug use, intelligence quotient, stressful life events, perceived stress, impulsivity, depression, anxiety disorder, and borderline personality disorder (BPD) traits, the OR was attenuated to 1.32 (95% CI = 0.82–2.13). Anxiety and BPD were the factors that led to the largest degree of attenuation.
Discussion
A high prevalence of disordered eating in individuals with ADHD was observed. Factors such as co-existing anxiety and BPD traits may be particularly important in this association. Future research should focus on the factors involved in the association between ADHD symptoms and disordered eating behavior.
CONFLICT OF INTERESTS
All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| eat22934-sup-0001-AppendixS1.docxWord 2007 document , 113.4 KB | Appendix 1. Control variables by eating disorder symptom and associated effect sizes |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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