New distal embolic protection device the FiberNet® 3 dimensional filter: First carotid human study
Corresponding Author
Michel Henry
Cabinet de Cardiologie, 54000 Nancy, France
Global Research Institute, Apollo Clinic, Hyderabad, India
80, rue Raymond Poincaré, 54000 Nancy, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorAntonios Polydorou
Panteleimon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorIsabelle Henry
Polyclinique Bois-Bernard, 62 320 Bois-Bernard, France
Search for more papers by this authorAdamantia Polydorou
Alexander S. Onassis Public Benefit Foundation, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorVictoria Polydorou
Panteleimon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorPanayiotis Skandalakis
Department of Anatomy, University of Athens, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorEvaggelos Kotsiomitis
Department of Anatomy, University of Athens, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorMichel Hugel
Cabinet de Cardiologie, 54000 Nancy, France
Global Research Institute, Apollo Clinic, Hyderabad, India
Search for more papers by this authorJerry Sedgewick BA
University of Minnesota, Biomedical Department, Minnesota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorGeorge Ruth DVM, PhD
University of Minnesota, Biomedical Department, Minnesota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Michel Henry
Cabinet de Cardiologie, 54000 Nancy, France
Global Research Institute, Apollo Clinic, Hyderabad, India
80, rue Raymond Poincaré, 54000 Nancy, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorAntonios Polydorou
Panteleimon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorIsabelle Henry
Polyclinique Bois-Bernard, 62 320 Bois-Bernard, France
Search for more papers by this authorAdamantia Polydorou
Alexander S. Onassis Public Benefit Foundation, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorVictoria Polydorou
Panteleimon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorPanayiotis Skandalakis
Department of Anatomy, University of Athens, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorEvaggelos Kotsiomitis
Department of Anatomy, University of Athens, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorMichel Hugel
Cabinet de Cardiologie, 54000 Nancy, France
Global Research Institute, Apollo Clinic, Hyderabad, India
Search for more papers by this authorJerry Sedgewick BA
University of Minnesota, Biomedical Department, Minnesota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorGeorge Ruth DVM, PhD
University of Minnesota, Biomedical Department, Minnesota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Objective: Evaluate the performance and safety of the FiberNet® Embolic Protection System during carotid artery intervention. Background: Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting (CAS) can be proposed to treat the majority of carotid stenoses. Brain embolization takes place and routine use of Embolic Protection Devices (EPD) is warranted. Many EPDs have significant limitations, which may be addressed by a new EPD, the FiberNet® (Lumen Biomedical, Plymouth, MN). Methods: The system consists of a 3-dimensional expandable filter made of fibers, which expand radially, mounted onto a 0.014″ wire and retrieval catheter. FiberNet can capture particles as small as 40 μm without compromising flow. Results: 35 lesions treated in 34 patients. Male 67.6%. Age: 71.4 ± 8.8 (50–85). Average stenosis 84.5% ± 7.9 (70–99). 29.4% were symptomatic. Technical success: 34/35 (97%). No stroke or death within 30 days. Neurological events: two permanent amaurosis, one amaurosis fugax. All samples visually contained significant amounts of emboli. The mean surface area of debris caught was 63.8 mm2 (37.7–107.5). Comparisons were made with other EPDs. The mean surface area of debris caught was 12.2 mm2 (2.7–34.3). No changes were noted in CT/MRI at 30-day post procedure. Conclusion: The first human use of this new novel EPD in carotid artery stenting is encouraging. The FiberNet was easy to use and confirmed the ability to capture particles less than 100 μm. The feasibility of the FiberNet has been demonstrated. Additional patients will demonstrate the overall safety and efficacy of this new EPD device. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
REFERENCES
- 1 Dorros G. Carotid Arterial Obliterative disease: Should endovascular revascularization (stent supported angioplasty) today supplant carotid endarterectomy? J Interv Cardiol 1996; 9: 193–196.
- 2 Eastcott HHG, Pickering GW, Rob CG. Reconstruction of internal carotid artery in a patient with intermittent attacks of hemiplegia. Lancet 1954; 267: 994–996.
- 3 North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. Beneficial effect of the carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis. N Engl J Med 1991; 325: 445–453.
- 4 European Carotid Surgery Trialists' Collaborative Group. MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial: Interim Results for symptomatic patients with severe (70–90%) or with mild (0–29%) carotid stenosis. Lancet 1991; 337: 1235–1243.
- 5 Executive Committee for the asymptomatic carotid atherosclerotic study: endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. JAMA 1995; 273: 1421–1428.
- 6 MRC Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial (ACST) Collaborative Group Prevention. Prevention of Disabling and Fatal Strokes by successful Carotid Endarterectomy in Patients without recent neurological Symptoms: Randomised Controlled Trial. Lancet 2004; 363: 1491–1502.
- 7 Hobson RW, Weiss DG, Fields WS, et al. Efficacy of carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid stenosis: The Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 221–227.
- 8 Ouriel K, Hertzer NR, Beven EG, et al. Preprocedural risks Stratification: Identifying an appropriate Population for carotid Stenting. J Vasc Surg 2001; 33: 728–732.
- 9 Ohki T, Roubin GS, Veith FJ, et al. Efficacy of a Filter Device in the Prevention of Embolic Events during Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting. An ex-vivo Analysis. J Vasc Surg 1999; 30(6): 1034–1044.
- 10 Al Mubarak N, Roubin GS, Vitek JJ, et al. Effect of the Distal-Balloon Protection System on Microembolization during Carotid Stenting. Circulation 2001; 104: 1999–2002.
- 11 Jordan WD, Voellinge RDC, Doblar DD, et al. Microemboli detected by transcranial Doppler monitoring in patients during carotid angioplasty versus carotid endarterectomy. Cardiovasc Surg 1997; 7: 33–39.
- 12 Vitek JJ, Raymon BC, Oh SJ. Innominate Artery Angioplasty. Am J Neuroradiol 1984; 5: 113–114.
- 13 Theron J, Raymon DJ, Casasio A, et al. Percutaneous Angioplasty of Atherosclerotic and post-surgical Stenosis of Carotid Arteries. Am J Neuroradiol 1987; 8: 495–500.
- 14 Henry M, Amor M, Henry I, et al. Carotid stenting with cerebral protection: first clinical experience using the Percusurge Guardwire System. J Endovasc Surg 1999; 6: 321–331.
- 15 Henry M, Henry I, Klonaris C, et al. Benefits of cerebral protection during carotid stenting with the Percusurge Guardwire System: mid-term results. J Endovasc Ther 2002; 9: 1–13.
- 16 Parodi JC, Lamura R, Ferreira LM, et al. Initial evaluation of carotid angioplasty and stenting with three different cerebral protection devices. J Vasc Surg 2000; 32: 1127–1136.
- 17 Reimers B, Corvaja N, Moshiriss, et al. Cerebral protection with filter devices during carotid artery stenting. Circulation 2001; 104: 12–15.
- 18 Wholey MH, Al Mubarak N, Wholey MH. Updated review of the global carotid artery stent registry. Cathet Cardiovasc Interv 2003; 60: 259–266.
- 19 Cremonesi A, Manetti R, Setacci F, et al. Protected carotid stenting: clinical advantages and complications of embolic protection devices in 442 consecutive patients. Stroke 2003; 34(8): 1936–1941.
- 20 Reimers B, Schlueter M, Castriota F. Routine use of cerebral protection during carotid artery stenting: results of a multicenter registry of 753 patients. Am J Med 2004; 116: 217–222.
- 21 Kastrup A, Groschel K, Frapf H, et al. Early outcome of carotid and stenting with and without cerebral protection devices: A systemic review of the literature. Stroke 2003; 34(3): 813–819.
- 22 Yadav JS, Wholey MH, Kuntz RE, et al. Protected carotid artery stenting versus endarterectomy in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1493–1501.
- 23
Henry M,
Polydorou A,
Henry I, et al.
Carotid angioplasty under protection with the Percusurge Guardwire device. In:
M Henry,
T Ohki, editors.
Angioplasty and Stenting of the Carotid and Supra-Aortic Trunks.
Taylor and Francis:
London;
2004. pp
485–496.
10.3109/9780203490891-68 Google Scholar
- 24
Parodi J,
Bates MC,
Schonholz CJ.
Parodi embolization system: description and first results. In:
M Henry,
T Ohki, editors.
Angioplasty and Stenting of the Carotid and Supra-Aortic Trunks,
Taylor and Francis:
London;
2004. pp
523–530.
10.3109/9780203490891-74 Google Scholar
- 25 CARESS steering Committee. Carotid revascularization using endarterectomy or stenting systems (CARESS): Phase I clinical trial. J Endovasc Ther 2003; 10: 1021–1030.
- 26 Flach H, Ouhlous M, Hendricks J, et al. Cerebral ischemia after carotid intervention. J Endovasc Ther 2004; 11: 251–257.
- 27 Reimers B, Sievert H, Schuler GC, et al. Proximal endovascular flow blockage for cerebral protection during carotid artery stenting: Results from a prospective multicenter registry. J. Endovasc Ther 2005; 12: 156–165.
- 28 Brooks WH, Mc Lure RR, Jones MR. Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting versus Carotid Endarterectomy: Randomized Trial in a Community Hospital. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 38: 1589–1595.
- 29
Wholey MH,
Wholey M,
Mathias K, et al.
Global experience in cervical carotid artery stent placement.
Catheter Cardiovasc Interv
2000;
50:
160–167.
10.1002/(SICI)1522-726X(200006)50:2<160::AID-CCD2>3.0.CO;2-E CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
- 30
Martin JB,
Pache JC,
Treggiari-Venzi M, et al.
Role of the distal balloon protection technique in the prevention of cerebral embolic events during carotid stent placement.
Stroke
2001;
32:
497–484.
10.1161/01.STR.32.2.479 Google Scholar
- 31 Théron JG, Payelle GG, Coskun O, et al. Carotid artery stenosis: treatment with protected balloon angioplasty and stent placement. Radiology 1996; 201: 627–636.
- 32 Al-Mubarak N, Colombo A, Gaines P, et al. Multicenter evaluation of carotid artery stenting with a filter protection system. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 39: 841–846.
- 33 Schluter M, Tubler T, Mathey DG, et al. Feasibility and efficacy of balloon-based neuroprotection during carotid artery stenting in a single-center setting. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 40: 890–895.
- 34 Wholey MH. The ARCHeR trial: prospective clinical trial for carotid stenting in high surgical risk patients, preliminary thirty-day results. Presented at the 52nd Annual Meeting of the American College of Cardiology; March 30, 2003; Chicago, IL, USA.
- 35 Whitlow PL. Security: Multicenter registry in high-risk symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid disease with the Abbott Xact stent and MedNova filter. Presented at Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics (TCT); September 15–19, 2003; Washington, DC, USA.
- 36 Henry M, Amor M, Masson I, et al. Angioplasty and stenting of the Extracranial Carotid Arteries. J Endovasc Surg 1998; 5: 293–304.
- 37 Henry M, Amor M, Klonaris C, et al. Angioplasty and stenting of the Extracranial Carotid Arteries. Tex Heart Inst J 2000; 27: 150–158.
- 38 Henry M, Amor M, Masson I, et al. Endovascular Treatment of atherosclerotic stenosis of the internal carotid artery. J Cardiovasc Surg 1998; 39 ( Suppl 1 No. 1): 141–150.
- 39 Grube E, Gerkens V, Yeung AC, et al. Prevention of distal embolization during coronary angioplasty in saphenous vein grafts and native vessels using porous filter protection. Circulation 2001; 104: 2436–2441.
- 40 Müller-Hülsbeck S, Jahnke T, Liess C, et al. Comparison of various cerebral protection devices used for carotid artery stent placement: an in vitro experiment. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2003; 14: 613–620.
- 41 Adami CA, Scuro A, Spinamano L, et al. Use of the Parodi Anti-Embolism System in carotid stenting: Italian trial results. JEndovasc Ther 2002; 9: 147–154.
- 42 Wilentz JR, Chati Z, Kraft V, et al. Retinol embolization during carotid angioplasty and stenting: mechanisms and role of cerebral protection systems. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002; 56: 320–327.
- 43 Coggia M, Goeau-Brissonniere O, Duval JL, et al. Embolic risk of the different stages of carotid bifurcation balloon angioplasty: an experimental study. J Vasc Surg 2000; 31: 550–557.
- 44 Angelini A, Reimers B, Della Barbera M, et al. Cerebral protection during carotid artery stenting. Collection and histopathologic analysis of embolized debris. Stroke 2002; 33: 456–461.
- 45 Order BM, Glass C, Liess C, et al. Comparison of 4 cerebral protection filters for carotid angioplasty. J Endovasc Ther 2004; 11: 211–218.
- 46 Schmidt A, Diederich KW, Scheinert S, et al. Effect of two different neuroprotection systems on microembolization during carotid artery stenting. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 44: 1966–1969.
- 46 Barth A, Remonda L, Lovblad KO, et al. Silent cerebral ischemia detected by diffusion-weighted MRI after carotid endarterectomy. Stroke 2000; 31: 1824–1828.
- 47 Jaeger H, Mathias K, Drescher R, et al. Clinical results of cerebral protection with a filter device during stent implantation of the carotid artery. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2001; 24: 249–256.
- 49 Feiwell RJ, Besmertis L, Sarkar R, et al. Detection of clinically silent infarcts after carotid endarterectomy by use of diffuction-weighted imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2001; 22: 646–649.
- 50 Jaeger HJ, Mathias KD, Hauth E, et al. Cerebral ischemia detected with diffusion-weighted MR imaging after stent implantation in the carotid artery. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2002; 23: 200–207.
- 51 Tomczak R, Wunderlich A, Liewald F, et al. Diffusion weighted MRI: detection of cerebral ischemia before and after carotid thromboendarterectomy. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2001; 25: 247–250.
- 52 Vermeer SE, Prins ND, Den Heijer T, et al. Silent brain infarcts and the risk of dementia and cognitive decline. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 1215–1222.
- 53 Heyer EJ, Adamas DC, Somon RA, et al. Neuropsychometric changes in patients after carotid endarterectomy. Stroke 1998; 29: 1110–1115.
- 54 Heyer EJ, Sharma R, Rampersad A, et al. A controlled prospective study of neuropsychological dysfunction following carotid endarterectomy. Arch Neurol 2002; 59: 217–222.
- 55 Vanninen E, Vanninen R, Aikia M, et al. Frequency of carotid endarterectomy related subclinical cerebral complications. Cerebrovasc Dis 1996; 6: 272–280.
- 56 Vos AJ, Vandenberg JC, Ernst SM. Carotid angioplasty and stent placement: comparison of transcranial Doppler VS data and clinical outcome with and without filtering cerebral protection devices in 509 patients. Radiology 2005; 234: 493–499.
- 57 MacDonald S, Cleveland TJ, Evans D, et al. A comparison of the high-intensity signal rate using transcranial Doppler during unprotected and protected carotid stenting (Neuroshield) within a randomised controlled trial. In: The Annual Meeting of the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology Society of Europe, Antalya, Turkey, September 20, 2003.
- 58 Henry M, Henry I, Klonaris C, et al. Renal Angioplasty and Stenting Under Protection: The Way for the Future? Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2003; 60: 299–312.
- 59 Henry M, Henry I, Polydorou A, et al. Renal Angioplasty and stenting: long-term results and the potential role of protection devices. Exp Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2005; 3(2): 321–334.
- 60 Yadav JS, Roubin GS, Iyer SS, et al. Elective stenting of the extracranial carotid arteries. Circulation 1997; 95: 376–381.
- 61 Diethrich EB, Ndiaye M, Reid DB. Stenting in the carotid artery: initial experience in 110 patients. J Endovasc Surg 1996; 3: 42–46.
- 62 Roubin GS, Yadav S, Iyer S, et al. Carotid stent-supported angioplasty: a neurovascular intervention to prevent stroke. Am J Cardiol 1996; 78 ( Suppl 3A): 8–12.
- 63 Shawl F, Kadro W, Domanski MJ, et al. Safety and efficacy of elective carotid artery stenting in high-risk patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 35: 1721–1728.
- 64 Roubin GS, New G, Iyer S, et al. Immediate and Late Clinical Outcome of Carotid Artery Stenting in Patients with Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis. Circulation 2001; 103: 532–537.
- 65 Wholey MH, Tan WA, et al. Management of Neurological Complication of Carotid Artery Stenting. J Endovasc Ther 2001; 8: 341–353.
- 66 Cremonesi A, Castriota F, Manetti R, et al. Endovascular Treatment of Carotid Atherosclerotic Disease: Early and Late Outcome in a non-selected Population. Ital Heart J 2000; 1: 801–809.
- 67
Gupta A,
Bhatia A,
Ahuja A, et al.
Carotid Stenting in patients older than 65 years with inoperable Carotid Artery Disease: A single Center Experience.
Catheter Cardiovasc Interv
2000;
50:
1–8.
10.1002/(SICI)1522-726X(200005)50:1<1::AID-CCD1>3.0.CO;2-R CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
- 68 CAVATAS investigators. Endovascular versus Surgical Treatment in Patients with Carotid Stenosis in the Carotid and Vertebral Artery Transluminal Angioplasty Study (CAVATAS: a randomised trial). Lancet 2001; 357: 1729–1737.
- 69 Schlüter M, Tübler T, Steffens JC, et al. Focal ischemia of the brain after neuroprotected carotid artery stenting. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003; 42: 1007–1013.
- 70 Forbes KP, Shill HA, Britt PM, et al. Assessment of silent embolism from carotid endarterectomy by use of diffusion-weighted imaging: work in progress. AJNR Am J Neuroraiol 2001; 22: 650–653.
- 71 Lovblad JO, Pluschke W, Remonda L, et al. Diffusion-weighted MRI for monitoring neurovascular interventions. Neuroradiology 2000; 42: 134–138.