Review
Triplex DNA Nanostructures: From Basic Properties to Applications
Dr. Yuwei Hu,
Alessandro Cecconello,
Dr. Andrea Idili,
Prof. Francesco Ricci,
Prof. Itamar Willner,
Dr. Yuwei Hu
Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorAlessandro Cecconello
Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Andrea Idili
Department of Chemistry, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Prof. Francesco Ricci
Department of Chemistry, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Prof. Itamar Willner
Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Yuwei Hu,
Alessandro Cecconello,
Dr. Andrea Idili,
Prof. Francesco Ricci,
Prof. Itamar Willner,
Dr. Yuwei Hu
Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorAlessandro Cecconello
Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Andrea Idili
Department of Chemistry, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Prof. Francesco Ricci
Department of Chemistry, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Prof. Itamar Willner
Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel
Search for more papers by this authorGraphical Abstract
DNA triplex structures are stabilized by Watson–Crick and Hoogsteen/reverse Hoogsteen interstrand interactions. This Review summarizes recently reported DNA-triplex-based systems and their application as switches, sensors, and for controlled drug delivery. In addition, the implementation of DNA triplex structures for the design of stimuli-responsive materials is presented.
Abstract
Triplex nucleic acids have recently attracted interest as part of the rich “toolbox” of structures used to develop DNA-based nanostructures and materials. This Review addresses the use of DNA triplexes to assemble sensing platforms and molecular switches. Furthermore, the pH-induced, switchable assembly and dissociation of triplex-DNA-bridged nanostructures are presented. Specifically, the aggregation/deaggregation of nanoparticles, the reversible oligomerization of origami tiles and DNA circles, and the use of triplex DNA structures as functional units for the assembly of pH-responsive systems and materials are described. Examples include semiconductor-loaded DNA-stabilized microcapsules, DNA-functionalized dye-loaded metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), and the pH-induced release of the loads. Furthermore, the design of stimuli-responsive DNA-based hydrogels undergoing reversible pH-induced hydrogel-to-solution transitions using triplex nucleic acids is introduced, and the use of triplex DNA to assemble shape-memory hydrogels is discussed. An outlook for possible future applications of triplex nucleic acids is also provided.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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