Unraveling the Catalytic Synergy between Ti3+ and Al3+ Sites on a Chlorinated Al2O3: A Tandem Approach to Branched Polyethylene
Alessandro Piovano
Department of Chemistry—INSTM and NIS Centre, University of Torino, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorDr. K. S. Thushara
Department of Chemistry—INSTM and NIS Centre, University of Torino, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Elena Morra
Department of Chemistry—INSTM and NIS Centre, University of Torino, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorProf. Mario Chiesa
Department of Chemistry—INSTM and NIS Centre, University of Torino, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dr. Elena Groppo
Department of Chemistry—INSTM and NIS Centre, University of Torino, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAlessandro Piovano
Department of Chemistry—INSTM and NIS Centre, University of Torino, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorDr. K. S. Thushara
Department of Chemistry—INSTM and NIS Centre, University of Torino, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Elena Morra
Department of Chemistry—INSTM and NIS Centre, University of Torino, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorProf. Mario Chiesa
Department of Chemistry—INSTM and NIS Centre, University of Torino, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dr. Elena Groppo
Department of Chemistry—INSTM and NIS Centre, University of Torino, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
An original step-by-step approach to synthesize and characterize a bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst consisting of isolated Ti3+ centers and strong Lewis acid Al3+ sites on the surface of a chlorinated alumina has been devised. A wide range of physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques were employed to demonstrate that the two sites, in close proximity, act in a concerted fashion to synergistically boost the conversion of ethylene into branched polyethylene, using ethylene as the only feed and without any activator. The coordinatively unsaturated Al3+ ions promote ethylene oligomerization through a carbocationic mechanism and activate the Ti3+ sites for the traditional ethylene coordination polymerization.
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