Chapter 63

Ventricular Septal Defects Closure

Jose Luis Zunzunegui

Jose Luis Zunzunegui

1 Gregorio Marañon Hospital, Madrid, Spain

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Ruth Solana

Ruth Solana

2 Infanta Leonor Hospital, Madrid, Spain

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First published: 20 January 2023

Summary

Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are the most common congenital heart disease (20% of cases). Muscular VSDs (MVSDs) account for 20% of interventricular septum defects, being the most common location in the apical portion of the muscular septum, followed by the mid-ventricular and the anterior in the right outflow tract. Many of these muscular defects can be closed percutaneously with self-expanding devices adapted to the ventricular anatomy. On the other hand, perimembranous VSDs (PMVSDs) are the most frequent, and although the proximity of the aortic valve makes them a challenge, the development of new devices has made percutaneous closure possible. In this chapter, we will review the devices used in this therapy, implant techniques, and possible complications, distinguishing the approach for MVSD and PMVSD.

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