7 Genomics, Adaptation, and the Evolution of Plant Form
Annual Plant Reviews book series, Volume 45: The Evolution of Plant Form
Kristen Shepard,
Kristen Shepard
Department of Biological Sciences, Barnard College, New York, NY, USA
Search for more papers by this authorKristen Shepard,
Kristen Shepard
Department of Biological Sciences, Barnard College, New York, NY, USA
Search for more papers by this authorFirst published: 19 April 2018
This article was originally published in 2013 in The Evolution of Plant Form, Volume 45 (ISBN 9781444330014) of the Annual Plant Reviews book series, this volume edited by Barbara A. Ambrose and Michael Purugganan. The article was republished in Annual Plant Reviews online in April 2018.
Abstract
A central question in the evolution of plant development is to understand how modifications of plant form contribute to adaptation within a species. Molecular population genomics and quantitative genetics offer complementary tools for answering this question. Quantitative trait locus mapping identifies genetic variation that underlies variation in plant form, while analyses of nucleotide diversity illuminate the evolutionary history of developmentally relevant genes. By combining these tools with developmental genetic characterization of natural sequence variants and with ecological experiments that test adaptive hypotheses, recent studies have begun to tease apart the genetic basis of adaptation. This chapter includes an overview of genome-wide mapping and population genomic methods, as well as case studies detailing the application of these techniques in root development, plant domestication, phytochrome-mediated phenotypic variation, and regulation of flowering time.
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