Chapter 6
Scope, Options and Approaches to Climate Change
Increase Crop Yield Potential Through the Understanding of Genetic Control of Plant Responses to Increased Carbon Dioxide
S. Seneweera,
Kiruba Shankari Arun-Chinnappa, Naoki Hirotsu,
S. Seneweera
Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorNaoki Hirotsu
National Institute of Fundamental Studies (NIFS), Kandy, Sri Lanka
Search for more papers by this authorS. Seneweera,
Kiruba Shankari Arun-Chinnappa, Naoki Hirotsu,
S. Seneweera
Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorNaoki Hirotsu
National Institute of Fundamental Studies (NIFS), Kandy, Sri Lanka
Search for more papers by this authorShyam S. Yadav,
Robert J. Redden,
Jerry L. Hatfield,
Andreas W. Ebert,
Danny Hunter,
Shyam S. Yadav
Manav Memorial Trust/Manav Foundation, Freelance International Consultant in Agriculture, New Delhi, India
Search for more papers by this authorRobert J. Redden
RJR Agricultural Consultants, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorJerry L. Hatfield
USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, Iowa, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAndreas W. Ebert
Freelance International Consultant in Agriculture and Agrobiodiversity, Schwaebisch Gmuend, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorDanny Hunter
Healthy Diets from Sustainable Food Systems Initiative, Bioversity International, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorBook Author(s):Shyam S. Yadav,
Robert J. Redden,
Jerry L. Hatfield,
Andreas W. Ebert,
Danny Hunter,
Shyam S. Yadav
Manav Memorial Trust/Manav Foundation, Freelance International Consultant in Agriculture, New Delhi, India
Search for more papers by this authorRobert J. Redden
RJR Agricultural Consultants, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorJerry L. Hatfield
USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, Iowa, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAndreas W. Ebert
Freelance International Consultant in Agriculture and Agrobiodiversity, Schwaebisch Gmuend, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorDanny Hunter
Healthy Diets from Sustainable Food Systems Initiative, Bioversity International, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorFirst published: 19 November 2018
Summary
The expected rise in [CO2] concentration from 400 to 550 μmol mol−1 by the middle of this century will have a significant impact on crop productivity and quality. For C3 plant species, photosynthesis, biomass, and yield will be substantially increased at elevated CO2 levels, whereas only a small increase will be observed for C4 plants. For both C4 and C3 species, stomatal conductance will significantly be reduced, and this will greatly improve the water use efficiency in all the functional groups. Elevated CO2 will modify many of the grain quality traits such as proteins, minerals (zinc and iron), fatty acid composition, and starch properties. However, when accompanied by rising temperatures and periodic drought, some of the positive impacts on crop yield will be reduced. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of the physiological and genetic mechanisms underlying the response of crop plants to high CO2 is important to prepare effectively for food security issues in the future. Further, understanding the genetic basis for responding to elevated CO2 and breeding new crops adapted is essential to address immediate global food security concerns.
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