Application of Biotechnologies in the Conservation and Utilization of Plant Genetic Resources for Food Security
Toshiro Shigaki
Laboratory of Plant Pathology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorToshiro Shigaki
Laboratory of Plant Pathology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorShyam S. Yadav
Manav Memorial Trust/Manav Foundation, Freelance International Consultant in Agriculture, New Delhi, India
Search for more papers by this authorRobert J. Redden
RJR Agricultural Consultants, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorJerry L. Hatfield
USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, Iowa, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAndreas W. Ebert
Freelance International Consultant in Agriculture and Agrobiodiversity, Schwaebisch Gmuend, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorDanny Hunter
Healthy Diets from Sustainable Food Systems Initiative, Bioversity International, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorShyam S. Yadav
Manav Memorial Trust/Manav Foundation, Freelance International Consultant in Agriculture, New Delhi, India
Search for more papers by this authorRobert J. Redden
RJR Agricultural Consultants, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorJerry L. Hatfield
USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, Iowa, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAndreas W. Ebert
Freelance International Consultant in Agriculture and Agrobiodiversity, Schwaebisch Gmuend, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorDanny Hunter
Healthy Diets from Sustainable Food Systems Initiative, Bioversity International, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorSummary
Healthy plant genetic resources are the centrepiece of the very survival of the human race. They provide materials for breeding new varieties that address food security problems. This chapter discusses the contributions of biotechnology to the preservation, exchange, and utilization of plant genetic resources and suggests future directions to be made. Biotechnology refers to any technological tools applied to biological systems. The chapter focuses on the modern applications of molecular biology and tissue culture technologies. It also discusses the related topics such as international treaties surrounding germplasm exchange. Germplasm is collected from the populations in natural habitats or in the agricultural fields. Maintenance of field collection is also labour intensive and therefore expensive. Currently, only long-term conservation of vegetatively propagated plants is achieved by cryopreservation. Herbariums have been in existence for many centuries and important resources for reference plant specimens.
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