Chapter 20
Micro- and Nanoscale Calorimetry for Biomedical Applications
Harishankar Natesan,
John C. Bischof*,
Harishankar Natesan
Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJohn C. Bischof*
Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Search for more papers by this authorHarishankar Natesan,
John C. Bischof*,
Harishankar Natesan
Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJohn C. Bischof*
Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Search for more papers by this authorBook Editor(s):Devashish Shrivastava,
Devashish Shrivastava
US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, NY, 10903 USA
Search for more papers by this authorFirst published: 27 April 2018
* Corresponding author: [email protected]
Summary
This chapter discusses the various parameters related to thermal analyses, phase change, enthalpy, and specific heat capacity, particularly in the cryogenic (<-40 °C) and hyperthermic (>40 °C) regimes where water, protein, and lipid phase changes occur. It focuses on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at the microscale. The chapter introduces nanocalorimetry for applications at the cellular, sub-cellular, and molecular level. Nanocalorimetry is developed generally on a silicon-based membrane with the ability to work with small sample weight (as low as 10 ng), and large heating rates (~105 °C/min). Currently, they are being developed for four major application areas: high-throughput calorimetry for the drug industry; protein conformational studies; label free biochemical sensing; and monitoring of cells. Another major application of nanocalorimetry is to study phase transitions such as glass transition and crystallization in polymers, which has important biomedical applications in the future.
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