Bdellovibrio †,‡
Proteobacteria
Deltaproteobacteria
Bdellovibrionales
Bdellovibrionaceae
Henry N. Williams,
Marcie L. Baer,
John J. Tudor,
Henry N. Williams
Dental School, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Department of OCBS, Baltimore, MD, 21201-1510 USA
Search for more papers by this authorMarcie L. Baer
Shippensburg University, Biology Department, Shippensburg, PA, 17257 USA
Search for more papers by this authorJohn J. Tudor
St. Joseph's University, Department of Biology, Philadelphia, PA, 19131-1308 USA
Search for more papers by this authorHenry N. Williams,
Marcie L. Baer,
John J. Tudor,
Henry N. Williams
Dental School, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Department of OCBS, Baltimore, MD, 21201-1510 USA
Search for more papers by this authorMarcie L. Baer
Shippensburg University, Biology Department, Shippensburg, PA, 17257 USA
Search for more papers by this authorJohn J. Tudor
St. Joseph's University, Department of Biology, Philadelphia, PA, 19131-1308 USA
Search for more papers by this authorFirst published: 14 September 2015
‡
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., in association with Bergey's Manual Trust.
§
Editorial Note: The previous edition of Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology described three species of Bdellovibrio: B. bacteriovorus, B. starrii, and B. stolpii (Burnham and Conti, 1984). However, the authors acknowledged that variability in physiological, biochemical, and genetic properties stressed the single-genus concept for these organisms. As a result of these and other differences revealed more recently by molecular studies, two of the species, B. starrii and B. stolpii, have been reclassified into a new genus, Bacteriovorax, to be described in the following chapter.
Abstract
Bdel.lo.vib' ri.o. Gr. n. bdella leech, sucker; M.L. masc. n. Vibrio a generic name; M.L. n. Bdellovibrio a leechlike vibrio.
Proteobacteria / Deltaproteobacteria / Bdellovibrionales / Bdellovibrionaceae / Bdellovibrio
Vibrios, 0.20–0.4 × 0.5–1.4 μm. Motile by a single, polar, sheathed flagellum. Gram negative. Prey upon Gram-negative bacteria. Have a predatory lifestyle characterized by two distinct phases, a free-living attack phase and an intraperiplasmic growth phase (Figure 1). Prey-independent mutants that have lost their requirement for prey cells occur spontaneously and can be isolated in the laboratory. Some of these prey-independent mutants retain the ability to grow predaciously and are considered to be facultative with respect to their requirement for prey cells. Aerobic, having a strictly respiratory type of metabolism with oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor. Contain cytochromes a, c, and b. Mesophilic. Oxidase positive. Catalase variable. Occur in fresh and salt water, soil, and sewage.
The mol% G + C of the DNA is: 49.5–51 (Torrella et al., 1978).
Type species: Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus Stolp and Starr 1963, 243.
References
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Further Reading
- Baer, M.L., J. Ravel, S.A. Pineiro, D. Guether-Borg and H.N. Williams. 2004. Reclassification of salt-water Bdellovibrio spp. as Bacteriovorax marinus sp. nov. and Bacteriovorax litoralis sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 54:: 1011–1016.
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- Jurkevitch E. 2000. The genus Bdellovibrio . In Dworkin., Flakow, Rosenberg, Schleifer and Stackebrandt (Editors), The Prokaryotes: An Evolving Electronic Resource for the Microbiological Community, 3rd Ed., release 3.1, Springer-Verlag, New York.
- Rittenberg, S.C. 1983. Bdellovibrio: attack, penetration, and growth on its prey. ASM News. 49: 435–439.
- Ruby, E.G. 1991. The genus Bdellovibrio . In Balows, Trüper, Dworkin, Harder and Schleifer (Editors), The Prokaryotes, 2nd Ed., Vol. 4, Springer-Verlag, New York. pp. 3400–3415.
