Borders are historically understood as geopolitical boundaries that demarcate the limits between nation-states. With globalization, the study of borders has shifted from a limited analysis of the political economy of geography to the ways in which people, goods, and information move across borders and reside in the borderlands. Anthropologists have made critical contributions to the study of borders and borderlands by examining the ways they are culturally constructed, defy dualities of interior/exterior or center/periphery, and are dynamic and permeable. Taken together, a picture of borders emerges that challenges the notion that nation-states are complete and enduring.