This entry reviews anthropological and related research on asylum cases. The broader context of asylum adjudication is first discussed, with particular attention to the tensions between security concerns and humanitarian imperatives, and between discourses of human rights and humanitarianism. Specific emphases of asylum research are outlined, including: issues of credibility; the crafting and performance of asylum narratives; cross-cultural misunderstandings and communicative breakdowns; the role of advocates and experts; and “evidence” as a contested category. Emergent foci of anthropological inquiry into asylum cases are also noted.