Pancreas: Anatomy and Structural Anomalies
Kevin Tri Nguyen
University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDiane M. Simeone
University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Search for more papers by this authorKevin Tri Nguyen
University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDiane M. Simeone
University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDaniel K. Podolsky MD
President, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Professor of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMichael Camilleri MD
Executive Dean for Development, Atherton and Winifred W. Bean Professor, Professor of Medicine, Physiology and Pharmacology, Distinguished Investigator, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJ. Gregory Fitz MD FAASLD
Executive Vice President for Academic Aff airs and Provost, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dean, Professor of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAnthony N. Kalloo MD
Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Director, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorFergus Shanahan MD
Professor and Chair, Department of Medicine, Director, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
Search for more papers by this authorTimothy C. Wang MD
Chief, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Silberberg Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Irving Cancer Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSummary
Current cross-sectional imaging techniques, such as thin-cut pancreatic protocol computed tomography (CT) scans or magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRI/MRCP), have greatly increased the understanding of pancreatic anatomy, and the ability to manipulate the pancreas surgically, endoscopically, and percutaneously has made it necessary for a wide variety of physicians to become familiar with pancreatic anatomical variations. The central position of the pancreas provides for lymphatic drainage along several major routes, namely, the splenic, hepatic, and superior mesenteric nodal systems as well as the aortocaval and other posterior abdominal wall lymphatics. Although the pancreas is located retroperitoneally, it must be approached by way of an anterior laparotomy incision. The e general pattern of veins draining the pancreas is the same as that of the arterial blood supply. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been used to visualize the ductal system in annular pancreas and is diagnostic of the disorder.
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