Ancient Gods and Christian Celebrations
Chocolate and Religion
Louis Evan Grivetti
Professor Emeritos
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorBeatriz Cabezon
Paleographer Independent Scholar
Davis, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorLouis Evan Grivetti
Professor Emeritos
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorBeatriz Cabezon
Paleographer Independent Scholar
Davis, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorLouis Evan Grivetti
Professor Emeritos
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorHoward-Yana Shapiro
Director of Plant Science
Mars, Incorporated, McLean, Virginia, USA
University of California, Davis, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSummary
This chapter contains sections titled:
-
Introduction
-
How Cacao Came to Humans
-
Contemporary Mayan Ritual Uses of Cacao
-
Arrival of Christianity
-
Conclusion
-
Acknowledgments
-
Endnote
-
References
References
- Grivetti, L. E., and Pangborn, R. M. Origin of selected Old Testament dietary prohibitions. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 1974; 65: 634–638.
- Korff, S. L. The Jewish dietary code. Food Technology 1966; 20: 76–78.
- Sakr, A. H. Dietary regulation and food habits of Muslims. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 1975; 58: 123–126.
- Müller, F. M. Manu. In: The Laws of Manu. Translated with Extracts from Seven Commentaries. Volume 25, The Sacred Books of the East. Translated by G. Buhler. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press, 1886.
-
Grivetti, L. E. Food prejudices and taboos. In: K. F. Kiple, and C. Ornelas, editors. The Cambridge World History of Food, Volume 2. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000; pp. 1495–1513.
10.1017/CHOL9780521402156.040 Google Scholar
- Carmichael, E., and Sayer, C. The Skeleton at the Feast. The Day of the Dead in Mexico. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1992.
- Garciagodoy, J. Digging the Days of the Dead. A Reading of Mexico's Dias de Muertos. Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 1998.
- Ximénez, F. Historia de la Provincia de San Vicente de Chiapas y Guatemala, de la Orden de Predicadores. Compuesta por el R. P. Pred. Gen. Fray Francisco Ximenez, Hijo de la Misma Provincia, Three Volumes. Guatemala, Centro América: Biblioteca “Goathemala” de la Sociedad de Geografía e Historia, 1929 (Volume I); 1930 (Volume II); 1931 (Volume III).
- Goetz, D., and Morley, S. G. The Book of the People. Popul Vuh. Translated into English by D. Goetz and S. G. Morley, from Adrián Recino's Translation from Quiché into Spanish. Los Angeles, CA: Plantin Press, 1954; Part 3, Chapter 1, p. 105.
- Grivetti, L. E. From aphrodisiac to health food; a cultural history of chocolate. Karger Gazette. Issue 68 (Chocolate). Basel, Switzerland: S. Karger, 2005.
-
Tozzer, A. M. Diego de Landa. Relación de las cosas de Yucatán. Manuscrito en la Real Academia de la Historia, Madrid. Copia fotostática completa con tres mapas en 135 hojas, de una por cara. Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Volume 18. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1941 (original ca. 1566).
Cited in: Gómez-Pompa, A., Flores, J. S., and Fernandez, M. A. The sacred cacao groves of the Maya. Latin American Antiquity 1990; 1: 247–257.
10.2307/972163 Google Scholar
- Montejo, V. Unpublished field report dated 2000. Cacao: The Tree of Sin and Knowledge. Ethnographic Research on Cacao Among the Mayas of Guatemala; pp. 4–5.
- Montejo, V. Unpublished field report dated 2000. Cacao: The Tree of Sin and Knowledge. Ethnographic Research on Cacao Among the Mayas of Guatemala; p. 5.
- Bunzel, R. L. Chichicastenango: A Guatemalan Village. Ethnological Society Publications, Volume 33. Locust Valley, NY: J. J. Augustin, 1967; pp. 239–241.
- C. L. McNeil, editor. Chocolate in Mesoamerica. A Cultural History of Cacao. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2006.
- Davies, N. The Toltec Heritage. From the Fall of Tula to the Rise of Tenochtitlán. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1980.
- Diehl, R. A. Tula, the Toltec Capital of Ancient Mexico. London, England: Thames and Hudson, 1983.
- M. R. Vayssade, editor. Cacao. Historia, Economía y Cultura. Mexico City: Compañía Nestle, S.A. de C.V., 1992; p. 20.
- Davies, N. The Aztecs. A History. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1973.
- M. R. Vayssade, editor. Cacao. Historia, Economía y Cultura. Mexico City: Compañía Nestle, S. A. de C. V., 1992; p. 22.
- http://www.native-languages.org/famchi.htm. (Accessed January 20, 2007.)
- Sánchez, J. Mi Libro de Historias Bribrís. San José, Costa Rica: Lara Segura, 2001.
- Grivetti, L. Unpublished fieldnotes. September 2, 2006, Bribri Reserve, Costa Rica.
- Grivetti, L. Unpublished fieldnotes. September 2, 2006, Puerto Viejo, Costa Rica.
- Montejo, V. Unpublished field report dated July—August—September 1999; pp. 2–3.
- Montejo, V. Unpublished field report dated July—August—September 1999; p. 3.
- Montejo, V. Unpublished field report dated July—August—September 1999; p. 3.
- Montejo, V. Unpublished field report dated July—August—September 1999; p. 3.
- Montejo, V. Unpublished field report dated July—August—September 1999; p. 4.
- Montejo, V. Unpublished field report dated July—August—September 1999; p. 4.
- Montejo, V. Unpublished field report dated 2000. Cacao. The Tree of Sin and Knowledge. Ethnographic Research on Cacao Among the Mayas of Guatemala; pp. 1–7.
-
Arjona, D. K. “The Twelve” meet a language requirement. Hispania. 1952; 35: 259–266.
10.2307/335749 Google Scholar
- New Advent, Catholic Encyclopedia. Mexico. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10250b.htm. (Accessed February 25, 2007.)
- Archivo General de la Nación [AGN]. Templos y Conventos, Vol. 158, exp. 92, f. 1003f.–1004f.
- AGN. Jesuitas Vol. III-10, Year 1688.
- AGN. Jesuitas Vol. III-10, Year 1688.
- Archivo Histórico del Real Colegio de San Ignacio de Loyola (AHRCIL), estante 6, Tabla 1, Vol. 3, fol. 119v.
- AGN. Archivo Histórico de Hacienda (AHH), Vol. 1403, exp. 3, fs 100–107v, pp. 102v–103r.
- AGN. AHH, Vol. 1403, exp. 3, fs 100–107v, pp. 102v–103r.
- AGN. AHH, Vol. 1403, exp. 3, fs 100–107v, p. 103v.
- AGN. AHH, Vol. 1403, exp. 3, fs 100–107v, p. 104r.
- AGN. AHH, Vol. 1403, exp. 3, fs 100–107v, pp. 106r–106v.
- AGN. AHH, Vol. 1403, exp. 3, fs 40v–42v, pp. 41v–42v.
- AGN. Templos y Conventos, Vol. 130, exp. 1. Libro de Gastos Generales del Convento de Santa Clara de México 1795–1798.
- AGN. Templos y Conventos, Vol. 50, exp. 1, f. 39f.
- AHRCIL. Estante 14, Tabla IV, Vol. 5, 1806, fs 154–154v.
- Motamayor, J. C. Germplasm resources and geographical origins of T. cacao. In: A. B. Bennett, C. Keen, and H.-Y. Shapiro, editors. Theobroma Cacao: Biology, Chemistry And Human Health. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2009; in preparation.
- C. L. McNeil, editor. Chocolate in Mesoamerica. A Cultural History of Cacao. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2006.