Artists' Colors
Abstract
The article contains sections titled:
1. |
Introduction |
2. |
Organic Pigments |
3. |
Inorganic Pigments |
3.1. |
White Inorganic Pigments |
3.2. |
Colored Inorganic Pigments |
3.3. |
Black Pigments |
3.4. |
Fillers |
4. |
Dyes for Silk Painting |
5. |
Binders |
6. |
Quality Factors |
7. |
Commercially Available Artists' Colors and Materials |
7.1. |
Oil Colors |
7.2. |
Acrylic Paints |
7.3. |
Watercolor (Aquarell) |
7.4. |
Pastels |
7.5. |
Gouache and Distemper (Tempera) |
7.6. |
Powdered Pigments |
7.7. |
Silk Paints |
7.8. |
Paints for Graphic Techniques |
7.9. |
Other Artists' Materials |
Artists'; colors represent just a small sector of the paint industry, the total invoiced sales in Europe were about 222.7 × 106 € in 2004, the production of artists' colors in Germany amounted to about 4180 t with a value of 67.1 × 106 € in 2004. Artists' colors are mixtures of three major components: pigments, binders, and fillers.
Pigments determine the hue, hiding power, and tinting strength of artists' colors. Binders enable the pigments to adhere to the substrate. Fillers can influence optical properties such as whiteness and hiding power, rheological behavior, mechanical properties, and resistance to weathering and chemicals.
The commercially available artists' colors and materials are the following types: oil colors, acrylic paints, watercolors, pastels, gouache and tempera, powdered pigments, silk paints, paints for graphic techniques, and others artists' materials such as primers and varnishes.